Dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor protects against renal interstitial fibrosis in a mouse model of ureteral obstruction.

Abstract

Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) is an exopeptidase that modulates the function of several substrates, among which insulin-releasing incretin hormones are the most well known. DPPIV also modulate substrates involved in inflammation, cell migration, and cell differentiation. Although DPPIV is highly expressed in proximal renal tubular cells, the role of DPPIV inhibition in renal disease is not fully understood. For this reason, we investigated the effects of LC15-0444, a DPPIV inhibitor, on renal function in a mouse model of renal fibrosis. Eight-week-old C57/BL6 mice were subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and were treated with LC15-0444 (a DPPIV inhibitor) at a dose of 150 mg/kg per day in food or vehicle for 14 days. DPPIV activity was significantly increased in obstructed kidneys, and reduced after treatment with LC15-0444. Administration of LC15-0444 resulted in a significant decrease in albuminuria, urinary excretion of 8-isoprostane, and renal fibrosis. DPPIV inhibition also substantially decreased the synthesis of several proinflammatory and profibrotic molecules, as well as the infiltration of macrophages. UUO significantly increased, and LC15-0444 markedly suppressed, levels of phosphorylated Smad2/3, TGFβ1, toll-like receptor 4, high-mobility group box-1, NADPH oxidase 4, and NF-κB. These results suggest that activation of DPPIV in the kidney has a role in the progression of renal disease and that targeted therapy inhibiting DPPIV may prove to be a useful new approach in the management of progressive renal disease, independent of mechanisms mediated by glucagon-like peptide-1.

• Authors: Hye Sook Min, Jung Eun Kim, Mi Hwa Lee, Hye Kyoung Song, Young Sun Kang, Mi Jin Lee, Ji Eun Lee, Hyun Wook Kim, Jin Joo Cha, Young Yoon Chung, Young Youl Hyun, Jee Young Han, Dae Ryong Cha
• Journal: Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology (Lab Invest) Vol. 94 Issue 6 Pg. 598-607 (Jun 2014) ISSN: 1530-0307 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 24687121 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Cytokines
• Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors
• LC15-0444
• Piperidones
• Pyrimidines
• 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha
• Dinoprost

Topics

• Animals
• Cytokines (analysis, genetics, metabolism)
• Dinoprost (analogs & derivatives, blood, urine)
• Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Fibrosis (drug therapy)
• Kidney (drug effects, pathology)
• Kidney Diseases (drug therapy)
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred C57BL
• Oxidative Stress (drug effects)
• Piperidones
• Proteinuria
• Pyrimidines
• Statistics, Nonparametric
• Ureteral Obstruction (drug therapy, metabolism)