The efficacy of daptomycin versus vancomycin for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection in patients with impaired renal function.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Concerns regarding the efficacy of daptomycin for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bloodstream infections in patients with impaired renal function are reflected in a recent package insert change by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). However, this decision was based on a small subgroup analysis and it is unclear if this is a true association.

METHODS:

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with MRSA bacteremia treated at a tertiary hospital from 2001 to 2011 and who received either vancomycin or daptomycin. We used propensity score and multivariable logistic regression to assess the outcome of treatment failure, via blinded adjudication, in daptomycin- vs vancomycin-treated subjects and the interaction with renal function.

RESULTS:

One hundred fifty patients were analyzed, 100 in the vancomycin arm and 50 in the daptomycin arm. The average age was 61 years, and 60% were men. Of patients treated with daptomycin or vancomycin, 29 (58%) and 51 (51%), respectively, had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <50 mL/minute/1.73 m(2). Compared with vancomycin, the usage of daptomycin in patients was not significantly associated with treatment failure in patients with a GFR >50 mL/minute/1.73 m(2) (odds ratio [OR], 0.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], .11 -1.79), nor in patients with a GFR of <50 mL/minute/1.73 m(2) (OR, 0.46; 95% CI, .11 -1.94). There was no significant interaction between them (P = .54).

CONCLUSIONS:

In patients with MRSA bacteremia, daptomycin efficacy was not affected by GFR level and was similar to vancomycin's efficacy. Although our sample size was small, it was larger than than the one used by the FDA. However, smaller differences may be significant with a larger sample size.

• Authors: Adam Weston, Yoav Golan, Christina Holcroft, David R Snydman
• Journal: Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America (Clin Infect Dis) Vol. 58 Issue 11 Pg. 1533-9 (Jun 2014) ISSN: 1537-6591 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 24642554 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)

Chemical References

• Anti-Bacterial Agents
• Vancomycin
• Daptomycin

Topics

• Adult
• Aged
• Anti-Bacterial Agents (therapeutic use)
• Bacteremia (complications, drug therapy)
• Cohort Studies
• Daptomycin (therapeutic use)
• Female
• Glomerular Filtration Rate
• Humans
• Male
• Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (drug effects)
• Middle Aged
• Renal Insufficiency
• Retrospective Studies
• Staphylococcal Infections (complications, drug therapy)
• Tertiary Care Centers
• Treatment Outcome
• Vancomycin (therapeutic use)