Montmorillonite-chitosan-silver sulfadiazine nanocomposites for topical treatment of chronic skin lesions: in vitro biocompatibility, antibacterial efficacy and gap closure cell motility properties.

Abstract

Silver compounds and especially silver sulfadiazine (AgSD) are reported as effective antimicrobial agents against almost all known bacteria, fungi and some viruses. However, AgSD has been shown to be cytotoxic toward fibroblasts and keratinocytes in vitro and consequently to retard wound healing in vivo. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the in vitro biocompatibility (cytotoxicity and proliferation), antimicrobial efficacy and cell motility gap closure (assay of wound closure) of MT/CS nanocomposites loaded with silver sulfadiazine (AgSD). It is envisioned to be administered as a powder or a dressing for cutaneous application in the treatment of skin ulcers. The loading of AgSD in MT/CS nanocomposites aimed at preventing the delay in wound healing, by decreasing the cytotoxicity of AgSD and maintaining its antimicrobial properties. Nanocomposites were prepared by using different amounts of MT (100-2000 mg) and 40 ml of a 1% (w/w) chitosan glutamate aqueous solution. The relative amounts of AgSD and chitosan in the systems were assessed by suitable analytic methods. The nanocomposite prepared using 100mg of MT was characterized for in vitro biocompatibility and proliferation and for wound healing using normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). Antimicrobial properties were evaluated against four reference bacterial strains: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. AgSD loaded in the 100 MT/CS nanocomposite showed good in vitro biocompatibility and gap closure properties (fibroblasts) and maintained AgSD antimicrobial properties, especially against P. aeruginosa, that often complicates skin lesions.

• Authors: Giuseppina Sandri, Maria Cristina Bonferoni, Franca Ferrari, Silvia Rossi, Carola Aguzzi, Michela Mori, Pietro Grisoli, Pilar Cerezo, Marika Tenci, Cesar Viseras, Carla Caramella
• Journal: Carbohydrate polymers (Carbohydr Polym) Vol. 102 Pg. 970-7 (Feb 15 2014) ISSN: 1879-1344 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 24507371 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Anti-Bacterial Agents
• Biocompatible Materials
• Bentonite
• Chitosan
• Silver Sulfadiazine

Topics

• Administration, Topical
• Anti-Bacterial Agents (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
• Bentonite (chemistry)
• Biocompatible Materials
• Cell Proliferation (drug effects)
• Cells, Cultured
• Chitosan (chemistry)
• Humans
• In Vitro Techniques
• Nanocomposites
• Silver Sulfadiazine (chemistry)