Apical periodontitis and periodontal disease increase serum IL-17 levels in normoglycemic and diabetic rats.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of apical periodontitis (AP) and/or periodontal disease (PD) on serum interleukin-17 (IL-17) levels in a rat model of diabetes mellitus (DM).

METHODS:

Eighty male Wistar rats were divided into eight groups of ten animals each: normoglycemic, AP, PD, AP+PD, DM, DM+AP, DM+PD, and DM+AP+PD. DM was induced using streptozotocin, AP by dental pulp exposure to the oral environment, and PD by periodontal ligature. The animals were sacrificed after 30 days, and venous blood samples were collected via cardiac puncture to determine the serum IL-17 and neutrophil levels. The maxillae were dissected and processed for radiographic analysis. The periapical lesion areas were quantified in pixels. The total assessed values were tabulated according to each experimental group and were statistically analyzed using Spearman's correlation and Kruskal-Wallis test (p < 0.05).

RESULTS:

A significant difference in the serum IL-17 levels was observed between the groups without oral infections and the groups with AP+PD-associated lesions, regardless of the presence of DM (p < 0.05). Diabetes increased the neutrophil levels, regardless of the presence of oral infection. However, a combination of two oral infections increased the neutrophil levels in DM rats (p < 0.05). The level of bone resorption lesions was greater in DM rats than in normoglycemic rats (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION:

The combination of AP and PD increased the serum IL-17 levels in DM and normoglycemic rats and increased the neutrophil levels in DM rats. Diabetes increased the neutrophil levels and bone resorption in rats.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE:

AP is capable of potentiating systemic inflammatory changes when associated with PD, and increases in blood glucose can accelerate the pathogenesis of oral infections.

• Authors: Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra, Renata Oliveira Samuel, Mariane Maffei Azuma, Clícia Pereira Ribeiro, Luis Gustavo Narciso, Valéria Marçal Felix de Lima, Dóris Hissako Sumida, Gilberto Aparecido Coclete, Eloi Dezan-Júnior, João Eduardo Gomes-Filho
• Journal: Clinical oral investigations (Clin Oral Investig) Vol. 18 Issue 9 Pg. 2123-8 (Dec 2014) ISSN: 1436-3771 [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 24464218 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Interleukin-17
• Streptozocin

Topics

• Animals
• Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental (blood)
• Interleukin-17 (blood)
• Male
• Neutrophils
• Periapical Periodontitis (blood, diagnostic imaging)
• Periodontal Diseases (blood, diagnostic imaging)
• Radiography
• Rats
• Rats, Wistar
• Streptozocin