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Reproductive factors and the risk of endometrial cancer.

Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most common malignancy of women in developed countries, and its incidence is 10 times higher than in developing countries. Endometrial cancer is most common in the sixth and the seventh decades of life; thus, postmenopausal women have a higher risk of developing the disease compared with premenopausal women. The increased incidence and prevalence of endometrial cancer can be explained by the increase in life expectancy, increased caloric intake, increased obesity rates, and other changes in lifestyle and reproductive factors. Among the reproductive factors, the risk of endometrial cancer is positively correlated with a younger age at menarche and late age at menopause, infertility, null parity, age of the first child, and long-term use of unopposed estrogens for hormone replacement therapy. Protection against endometrial cancer has been detected with increase parity, the use of combined oral contraceptives, and increased age of women at last delivery. The relationship between endometrial cancer risk and miscarriage, abortion, ovulation induction drugs and in vitro fertilization is still controversial.
AuthorsAus Tariq Ali
JournalInternational journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society (Int J Gynecol Cancer) Vol. 24 Issue 3 Pg. 384-93 (Mar 2014) ISSN: 1525-1438 [Electronic] England
PMID24463639 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
Chemical References
  • Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators
Topics
  • Adenocarcinoma (epidemiology, etiology)
  • Endometrial Neoplasms (epidemiology, etiology)
  • Estrogen Replacement Therapy (adverse effects)
  • Female
  • Fertilization in Vitro (adverse effects)
  • Humans
  • Ovulation Induction (adverse effects)
  • Reproductive History
  • Risk Factors
  • Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (adverse effects)

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