Neonatal herpes simplex virus type-1 central nervous system disease with acute retinal necrosis.

Abstract

We report a case of neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 central nervous system disease with bilateral acute retinal necrosis (ARN). An infant was presented at 17 days of age with focal seizures. Cerebrospinal fluid polymerase chain reaction was positive for HSV-1 and brain magnetic resonance imaging showed cerebritis. While receiving intravenous acyclovir therapy, the infant developed ARN with vitreous fluid polymerase chain reaction positive for HSV-1 necessitating intravitreal foscarnet therapy. This is the first reported neonatal ARN secondary to HSV-1 and the first ARN case presenting without external ocular or cutaneous signs. Our report highlights that infants with neonatal HSV central nervous system disease should undergo a thorough ophthalmological evaluation to facilitate prompt diagnosis and immediate treatment of this rapidly progressive sight-threatening disease.

• Authors: Choong Yi Fong, Aye Mya Min Aye, Mohammadreza Peyman, Norazlin Kamal Nor, Subrayan Visvaraja, Iqbal Tajunisah, Lai Choo Ong
• Journal: The Pediatric infectious disease journal (Pediatr Infect Dis J) Vol. 33 Issue 4 Pg. 424-6 (Apr 2014) ISSN: 1532-0987 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 24378951 (Publication Type: Case Reports, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Antiviral Agents

Topics

• Antiviral Agents (therapeutic use)
• Central Nervous System Diseases (drug therapy, pathology, virology)
• Female
• Herpes Simplex (drug therapy, pathology, virology)
• Herpesvirus 1, Human (isolation & purification)
• Humans
• Infant, Newborn
• Pregnancy Complications, Infectious (drug therapy, pathology, virology)
• Retinal Necrosis Syndrome, Acute (pathology, virology)