Neuromuscular junction maturation defects precede impaired lower motor neuron connectivity in Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2D mice.

Abstract

Dominant mutations in GARS, encoding the essential enzyme glycyl-tRNA synthetase (GlyRS), result in a form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type 2D (CMT2D), predominantly characterized by lower motor nerve degeneration. GlyRS charges the amino acid glycine with its cognate tRNA and is therefore essential for protein translation. However, the underlying mechanisms linking toxic gain-of-function GARS mutations to lower motor neuron degeneration remain unidentified. The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) appears to be an early target for pathology in a number of peripheral nerve diseases and becomes denervated at later stages in two mouse models of CMT2D. We therefore performed a detailed longitudinal examination of NMJs in the distal lumbrical muscles and the proximal transversus abdominis (TVA) muscles of wild-type and Gars mutant mice. We determined that mutant lumbrical NMJs display a persistent defect in maturation that precedes a progressive, age-dependent degeneration. Conversely, the TVA remains relatively unaffected, with only a subtle, short-lived impairment in pre- and post-synaptic development and no reduction in lower motor neuron connectivity to muscle. Together, these observations suggest that mutant Gars is associated with compromised development of the NMJ prior to synaptic degeneration and highlight the neuromuscular synapse as an important site of early, selective pathology in CMT2D mice.

• Authors: James N Sleigh, Stuart J Grice, Robert W Burgess, Kevin Talbot, M Zameel Cader
• Journal: Human molecular genetics (Hum Mol Genet) Vol. 23 Issue 10 Pg. 2639-50 (May 15 2014) ISSN: 1460-2083 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 24368416 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Glycine-tRNA Ligase

Topics

• Abdominal Muscles (innervation)
• Animals
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease (genetics, pathology)
• Glycine-tRNA Ligase (genetics)
• Hindlimb (innervation)
• Mice, Inbred C57BL
• Mice, Transgenic
• Motor Neurons (pathology)
• Mutation, Missense
• Neuromuscular Junction (pathology)