Adverse pregnancy outcomes among women with prior spontaneous or induced abortions.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

The aim of the article is to determine whether prior spontaneous abortion (SAB) or induced abortion (IAB), or the interpregnancy interval are associated with subsequent adverse pregnancy outcomes in nulliparous women.

METHODS:

We performed a secondary analysis of data collected from nulliparous women enrolled in a completed trial of vitamins C and E or placebo for preeclampsia prevention. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for maternal and fetal outcomes were determined for nulliparous women with prior SABs and IABs as compared with primigravid participants.

RESULTS:

Compared with primigravidas, women with one prior SAB were at increased risk for perinatal death (adj. OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1-2.3) in subsequent pregnancies. Two or more SABs were associated with an increased risk for spontaneous preterm birth (PTB) (adj. OR, 2.6, 95% CI, 1.7-4.0), preterm premature rupture of membranes (PROM) (adj. OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.6-5.3), and perinatal death (adj. OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.5-5.3). Women with one previous IAB had higher rates of spontaneous PTB (adj. OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.0-1.9) and preterm PROM (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.4-3.0). An interpregnancy interval less than 6 months after SAB was not associated with adverse outcomes.

CONCLUSION:

Nulliparous women with a history of SAB or IAB, especially multiple SABs, are at increased risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes.

• Authors: Michel A Makhlouf, Rebecca G Clifton, James M Roberts, Leslie Myatt, John C Hauth, Kenneth J Leveno, Michael W Varner, John M Thorp Jr, Brian M Mercer, Alan M Peaceman, Susan M Ramin, Jay D Iams, Anthony Sciscione, Jorge E Tolosa, Yoram Sorokin, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network
• Journal: American journal of perinatology (Am J Perinatol) Vol. 31 Issue 9 Pg. 765-72 (Oct 2014) ISSN: 1098-8785 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 24347257 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)
• Copyright: Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Topics

• Abortion, Induced (adverse effects)
• Abortion, Spontaneous (epidemiology)
• Adolescent
• Adult
• Birth Intervals
• Female
• Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture (epidemiology)
• Gravidity
• Humans
• Infant, Newborn
• Parity
• Perinatal Death
• Pregnancy
• Pregnancy Outcome
• Premature Birth (epidemiology)
• Risk Factors
• Young Adult