Allyl isothiocyanate (
AITC) has been found to present sources from consumed cruciferous vegetables.
AITC is known to possess pharmacological and anticancer activities. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that
AITC suppressed the invasion and migration of
epidermal growth factor (
EGF)-stimulated HT29 cells and to elucidate the mechanisms for the antimetastatic abilities in vitro. The invasion and migration of
EGF-stimulated HT29 cells were determined individually by Transwell cell invasion and wound-healing assays. Our results showed that
AITC effectively inhibited both the invasive and migratory ability of HT29 cells. Furthermore,
AITC downregulated the
protein levels of
matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9 and
mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) (p-JNK, p-ERK and p-p38) by western blot analysis in HT29 cells following
EGF induction. Thus, the metastatic responses in
AITC-treated HT29 cells after
EGF stimulation were mediated by the
MMP-2/-9 and MAPK signaling pathways. We also used gene expression microarrays to investigate the gene levels related to cell growth,
G-protein coupled receptor, angiogenesis, cell adhesion, cell cycle and mitosis, cell migration, cytoskeleton organization, DNA damage and repair, transcription and translation, EGFR and PKB/mTOR signals. In summary, it is possible that
AITC suppresses the invasion and migration of
EGF-induced HT29 cells, resulting from
MMP-2/-9 and MAPKs. Hence,
AITC may be beneficial in the treatment of human colorectal
adenocarcinoma in the future.