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Increased dairy consumption differentially improves metabolic syndrome markers in male and female adults.

AbstractBACKGROUND:
Effects of dairy consumption on metabolic health and adiposity are inconsistent. Most clinical trials have investigated dairy intake, frequently during caloric restriction, in overweight or obese populations but not in a metabolic syndrome population. We investigated the effect of increased dairy intake without caloric restriction on anthropometrics, plasma lipids, and glucose in typically low-dairy consumers who met the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) metabolic syndrome criteria.
METHODS:
Male (n=14) and female (n=23) adults (54.1 ± 9.7 years) with metabolic syndrome were randomized to consume low-fat dairy (LFD) (10 oz of 1% milk, 6 oz of nonfat yogurt, 4 oz of 2% cheese) or carbohydrate control (CNT) (1.5-oz granola bar and 12 oz of 100% juice) foods for 6 weeks in a crossover study design. Anthropometrics, metabolic syndrome parameters, insulin resistance, and parathyroid hormone were measured. Body composition was analyzed by a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan for a subset of subjects (n=22).
RESULTS:
LFD modulated metabolic syndrome parameters differently according to gender. Following LFD, men had lower glucose (95.4 ± 9.1 vs. 98.9 ± 10.6 mg/dL, P=0.048), whereas women had lower body weight (BW), waist circumference, and body mass index (P<0.01) compared to CNT. Women also had lower energy intake following LFD compared to CNT. Increases in phosphorus (a dairy nutrient) were negatively correlated with decreases in BW (r=-0.537; P<0.01) and body fat in women (r=-0.593, P<0.025), whereas the decreases in energy intake had no correlation with anthropometrics.
CONCLUSIONS:
Three dairy servings/day promoted small but significant improvements differentially by gender in a metabolic syndrome population.
AuthorsChristine E Dugan, Jacqueline Barona, Maria Luz Fernandez
JournalMetabolic syndrome and related disorders (Metab Syndr Relat Disord) Vol. 12 Issue 1 Pg. 62-9 (Feb 2014) ISSN: 1557-8518 [Electronic] United States
PMID24236646 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Biomarkers
  • Blood Glucose
  • Lipids
  • Parathyroid Hormone
Topics
  • Absorptiometry, Photon
  • Adiposity
  • Adult
  • Anthropometry
  • Biomarkers (blood)
  • Blood Glucose (analysis)
  • Body Composition
  • Body Mass Index
  • Cross-Over Studies
  • Dairy Products
  • Diet
  • Energy Intake
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lipids (blood)
  • Male
  • Metabolic Syndrome (blood, therapy)
  • Middle Aged
  • Parathyroid Hormone (blood)
  • Sex Factors
  • Waist Circumference

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