HOMEPRODUCTSCOMPANYCONTACTFAQResearchDictionaryPharmaSign Up FREE or Login

Two herbivore-induced cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP79D6 and CYP79D7 catalyze the formation of volatile aldoximes involved in poplar defense.

Abstract
Aldoximes are known as floral and vegetative plant volatiles but also as biosynthetic intermediates for other plant defense compounds. While the cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYP) from the CYP79 family forming aldoximes as biosynthetic intermediates have been intensively studied, little is known about the enzymology of volatile aldoxime formation. We characterized two P450 enzymes, CYP79D6v3 and CYP79D7v2, which are involved in herbivore-induced aldoxime formation in western balsam poplar (Populus trichocarpa). Heterologous expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae revealed that both enzymes produce a mixture of different aldoximes. Knockdown lines of CYP79D6/7 in gray poplar (Populus × canescens) exhibited a decreased emission of aldoximes, nitriles, and alcohols, emphasizing that the CYP79s catalyze the first step in the formation of a complex volatile blend. Aldoxime emission was found to be restricted to herbivore-damaged leaves and is closely correlated with CYP79D6 and CYP79D7 gene expression. The semi-volatile phenylacetaldoxime decreased survival and weight gain of gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) caterpillars, suggesting that aldoximes may be involved in direct defense. The wide distribution of volatile aldoximes throughout the plant kingdom and the presence of CYP79 genes in all sequenced genomes of angiosperms suggest that volatile formation mediated by CYP79s is a general phenomenon in the plant kingdom.
AuthorsSandra Irmisch, Andrea Clavijo McCormick, G Andreas Boeckler, Axel Schmidt, Michael Reichelt, Bernd Schneider, Katja Block, Jörg-Peter Schnitzler, Jonathan Gershenzon, Sybille B Unsicker, Tobias G Köllner
JournalThe Plant cell (Plant Cell) Vol. 25 Issue 11 Pg. 4737-54 (Nov 2013) ISSN: 1532-298X [Electronic] England
PMID24220631 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Alcohols
  • Nitriles
  • Oximes
  • Plant Proteins
  • Volatile Organic Compounds
  • Phenylalanine
  • phenylacetaldoxime
  • Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
Topics
  • Alcohols (metabolism)
  • Animals
  • Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System (genetics, metabolism)
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
  • Gene Knockdown Techniques
  • Genome, Plant
  • Herbivory
  • Mortality
  • Moths (drug effects, growth & development, physiology)
  • Nitriles (metabolism)
  • Oximes (metabolism, pharmacology)
  • Phenylalanine (metabolism)
  • Plant Leaves (genetics, metabolism)
  • Plant Proteins (genetics, metabolism)
  • Plants, Genetically Modified
  • Populus (genetics, metabolism, physiology)
  • Tobacco (genetics, metabolism)
  • Volatile Organic Compounds (analysis, metabolism)

Join CureHunter, for free Research Interface BASIC access!

Take advantage of free CureHunter research engine access to explore the best drug and treatment options for any disease. Find out why thousands of doctors, pharma researchers and patient activists around the world use CureHunter every day.
Realize the full power of the drug-disease research graph!


Choose Username:
Email:
Password:
Verify Password:
Enter Code Shown: