Abstract |
Introduction. The presence of eczema and gastrointestinal manifestations are often observed in cow's milk allergy (CMA) and also in some primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID). Objective. To describe 7 patients referred to a tertiary allergy/immunology Center with a proposed diagnosis of CMA, who were ultimately diagnosed with PID. Methods. This was a retrospective study based on clinical and laboratory data from medical records. Results. Seven patients (6 males) aged between 3 mo and 6 y were referred to our clinic with a proposed diagnosis of CMA. They presented with eczema and/or gastrointestinal symptoms. Five were receiving replacement formula. All patients presented with other clinical features, including severe/ recurrent infections unrelated to CMA, and two of them had a positive family history of PID. Laboratory tests showed immune system dysfunctions in all patients. Hyper- IgE and Wiskott-Aldrich syndromes, CD40L deficiency, severe combined immunodeficiency, X-linked agammaglobulinemia, transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy, and chronic granulomatous disease were diagnosed in these children. In conclusion, allergic diseases and immunodeficiency are a result of a different spectrum of abnormalities in the immune system and may be misdiagnosed. Educational programs on PID among clinical physicians and pediatricians can reduce the occurrence of this misdiagnosis.
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Authors | Karina Mescouto Melo, Ellen Dantas, Maria Isabel De Moraes-Pinto, Antonio Condino-Neto, Isabela G S Gonzalez, Marcia C Mallozi, Jackeline M Franco, Beatriz T Costa-Carvalho |
Journal | ISRN pediatrics
(ISRN Pediatr)
Vol. 2013
Pg. 470286
( 2013)
ISSN: 2090-469X [Print] Egypt |
PMID | 24198970
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
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