Plasma kinetics of chylomicron-like emulsion and lipid transfers to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in lacto-ovo vegetarian and in omnivorous subjects.

Abstract

PURPOSE:

Previously, it was showed that vegan diet improves the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins by increasing the plasma clearance of atherogenic remnants. The aim of the current study was to investigate this metabolism in lacto-ovo vegetarians whose diet is less strict, allowing the ingestion of eggs and milk. Transfer of lipids to HDL, an important step in HDL metabolism, was tested in vitro.

METHODS:

Eighteen lacto-ovo vegetarians and 29 omnivorous subjects, all eutrophic and normolipidemic, were intravenously injected with triglyceride-rich emulsions labeled with ¹⁴C-cholesterol oleate and ³H-triolein. Fractional clearance rates (FCR, in min⁻¹) were calculated from samples collected during 60 min. Lipid transfer to HDL was assayed by incubating plasma samples with a donor nanoemulsion labeled with radioactive lipids.

RESULTS:

LDL cholesterol was lower in vegetarians than in omnivores (2.1 ± 0.8 and 2.7 ± 0.7 mmol/L, respectively, p < 0.05), but HDL cholesterol and triglycerides were equal. Cholesteryl ester FCR was greater in vegetarians than in omnivores (0.016 ± 0.012, 0.003 ± 0.003, p < 0.01), whereas triglyceride FCR was equal. Cholesteryl ester transfer to HDL was lower in vegetarians than in omnivores (2.7 ± 0.6, 3.5 ± 1.5 %, p < 0.05), but free cholesterol, triglyceride and phospholipid transfers and HDL size were equal.

CONCLUSION:

Similarly to vegans, lacto-ovo vegetarian diet increases remnant removal, as indicated by cholesteryl oleate FCR, which may favor atherosclerosis prevention, and has the ability to change lipid transfer to HDL.

• Authors: Juliana C Vinagre, Carmen C G Vinagre, Fernanda S Pozzi, Cristiane Z Zácari, Raul C Maranhão
• Journal: European journal of nutrition (Eur J Nutr) Vol. 53 Issue 3 Pg. 981-7 (Apr 2014) ISSN: 1436-6215 [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 24158652 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Carbon Radioisotopes
• Chylomicron Remnants
• Dietary Fats
• Emulsions
• Lipoproteins, HDL
• Tritium

Topics

• Adult
• Animals
• Atherosclerosis (blood, epidemiology, metabolism, prevention & control)
• Biological Transport
• Brazil (epidemiology)
• Carbon Radioisotopes
• Chylomicron Remnants (blood, metabolism)
• Diet, Vegetarian
• Dietary Fats (metabolism)
• Eggs (adverse effects)
• Emulsions
• Female
• Humans
• Kinetics
• Lipoproteins, HDL (blood, metabolism)
• Male
• Meat (adverse effects)
• Milk (adverse effects)
• Risk Factors
• Tritium