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Kalpaamruthaa modulates oxidative stress in cardiovascular complication associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus through PKC-β/Akt signaling.

Abstract
This study aimed at investigating the efficacy of Kalpaamruthaa (KA) on cardiovascular damage (CVD) associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in experimental rats by reducing oxidative stress and the modulation of the protein kinase C-β (PKC-β)/Akt signaling pathway. CVD-induced rats were treated with KA (200 mg·(kg body mass)(-1)·(day)(-1)) orally for 4 weeks. KA effectively reduced insulin resistance with alterations in blood glucose, hemoglobin, and glycosylated hemoglobin in CVD-induced rats. Elevated levels of lipids in CVD-induced rats were decreased upon KA administration. In CVD-induced rats the levels of lipoproteins were returned to normal by KA treatment. KA effectively reduced the lipid peroxidative product and protein carbonyl content in liver of CVD-induced rats. KA increased the activities and (or) levels of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants in liver of CVD-induced rats. KA treatment reduced the fatty inclusion and mast cell infiltration in liver of CVD-induced rats. Further, treatment with KA reduced the chromatin condensation and marginization in myocardium of CVD-induced rats. KA alters insulin signaling by decreasing PKC-β and increasing p-Akt and GLUT4 expressions in heart of CVD-induced rats. The above findings suggest that KA renders protection against CVD induced by type 2 diabetes mellitus by augmenting the cellular antioxidant defense capacity and modulating PKC-β and the p-Akt signaling pathway.
AuthorsRaja Latha, Palanivelu Shanthi, Panchanadham Sachdanandam
JournalCanadian journal of physiology and pharmacology (Can J Physiol Pharmacol) Vol. 91 Issue 11 Pg. 901-12 (Nov 2013) ISSN: 1205-7541 [Electronic] Canada
PMID24117257 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Blood Glucose
  • Glucose Transporter Type 4
  • Kalpaamruthaa
  • Lipids
  • Lipoproteins
  • Plant Extracts
  • Slc2a4 protein, rat
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
  • Protein Kinase C beta
Topics
  • Animals
  • Blood Glucose (metabolism)
  • Blotting, Western
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental (metabolism)
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (complications)
  • Diabetic Cardiomyopathies (drug therapy, metabolism, pathology)
  • Glucose Transporter Type 4 (metabolism)
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Lipid Metabolism (drug effects)
  • Lipids (blood)
  • Lipoproteins (blood)
  • Male
  • Mast Cells (drug effects)
  • Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
  • Myocardium (pathology)
  • Oxidative Stress (drug effects)
  • Plant Extracts (pharmacology)
  • Protein Carbonylation (drug effects)
  • Protein Kinase C beta (metabolism, physiology)
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt (metabolism, physiology)
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Signal Transduction (drug effects)

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