Abstract |
Our previous studies showed that Aflatoxin G1 (AFG1) could induce lung adenocarcinoma, and that the cancer cells originated from alveolar type II cells (AT-II cells). Recently, we found AFG1 induced structural impairment in rat AT-II cells, which may account for an early event in lung tumorigenesis. However, the mechanism of AFG1-induced AT-II cell damage remains unclear. DNA damage and apoptosis induced by oxidative stress are well accepted causes of cell damage. Thus, we explore whether AFG1 activates the reactive oxygen species (ROS)/MAPK/apoptosis pathway to cause cell damage in human AT-II cells like the cell line (A549). We found AFG1 induced oxidative stress by increasing ROS generation and caused DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by up-regulating γH2AX expression. AFG1 also triggered apoptosis in A549 cells by regulating Fas/FasL, caspase-8, Bax, Bcl-2, and activating caspase-3. Pre-treatment with antioxidant n-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) reduced ROS generation and DNA DSBs, inhibited apoptosis, and increased cell viability in AFG1-treated cells. Furthermore, we found AFG1 activated ROS-mediated JNK and p38 pathways to induce cell apoptosis in A549 cells. In conclusion, our results indicate that AFG1 induces oxidative DNA damage and triggers apoptosis through ROS-mediated JNK and p38 signaling pathways in A549 cells, which may contribute to AFG1-induced AT-II cell damage.
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Authors | Haitao Shen, Jing Liu, Yuan Wang, Hongguang Lian, Juan Wang, Lingxiao Xing, Xia Yan, Junling Wang, Xianghong Zhang |
Journal | Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
(Food Chem Toxicol)
Vol. 62
Pg. 661-9
(Dec 2013)
ISSN: 1873-6351 [Electronic] England |
PMID | 24090735
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
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Copyright | Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
Chemical References |
- Aflatoxins
- BAX protein, human
- Reactive Oxygen Species
- bcl-2-Associated X Protein
- aflatoxin G1
- JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
- p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
- Caspase 3
- Acetylcysteine
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Topics |
- Acetylcysteine
(pharmacology)
- Aflatoxins
(toxicity)
- Apoptosis
(drug effects)
- Caspase 3
(metabolism)
- Cell Line, Tumor
- DNA Damage
(drug effects)
- Humans
- JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
(metabolism)
- MAP Kinase Signaling System
(drug effects)
- Oxidative Stress
(drug effects)
- Reactive Oxygen Species
(metabolism)
- bcl-2-Associated X Protein
(metabolism)
- p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
(metabolism)
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