Expression of immune relevant genes in rainbow trout following exposure to live Anisakis simplex larvae.

Abstract

Basic immune response mechanisms in vertebrates against helminths are still poorly understood. Fish-nematode models may prove valuable for elucidation of this question. In this study we orally challenged rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with larvae of Anisakis simplex (Nematoda: Anisakidae) and subsequently investigated the expression of 18 immune relevant genes in spleen and liver 1, 4 and 8days post infection (d.p.i.). Gene expression data were analysed with regard to the infection status of the challenged rainbow trout at the time of necropsy; "worms rejected" (÷worms), "worms present" (+worms) and a combined group consisting of samples pooled from both previous groups (÷/+worms). No significant regulation of cytokine genes was recorded but fish which had rejected worms up-regulated the CD4 gene (6.1-fold change, 8d.p.i.) in liver. The gene encoding CD8 was significantly down-regulated 24h post challenge in livers in fish still carrying worms (2.7-fold change) but not in the worm-free group. The immunoglobulin gene IgM was significantly down-regulated (2.9-fold change, 8d.p.i.) in liver samples from the +worms group. Complement factor C3 and precerebellin genes were significantly up-regulated twofold in liver samples from infected fish 4d.p.i. Significant up-regulation of the acute-phase protein SAA was observed in all three groups and in both tissues. To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe the expression of immune genes in a fish host challenged with live nematode larvae.

• Authors: Simon Haarder, Per W Kania, Qusay Z M Bahlool, Kurt Buchmann
• Journal: Experimental parasitology (Exp Parasitol) Vol. 135 Issue 3 Pg. 564-9 (Nov 2013) ISSN: 1090-2449 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 24051344 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Acute-Phase Proteins
• Complement C3
• Cytokines
• Immunoglobulins
• Receptors, Immunologic
• Transcription Factors

Topics

• Acute-Phase Proteins (genetics, metabolism)
• Animals
• Anisakiasis (genetics, immunology, veterinary)
• Anisakis (immunology)
• Complement C3 (genetics, metabolism)
• Cytokines (genetics, metabolism)
• Fish Diseases (genetics, immunology, parasitology)
• Fishes
• Gene Expression (immunology)
• Immunoglobulins (genetics, metabolism)
• Larva (immunology)
• Liver (immunology, parasitology)
• North Sea (epidemiology)
• Oncorhynchus mykiss (genetics, immunology, parasitology)
• Receptors, Immunologic (genetics, metabolism)
• Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
• Spleen (immunology, parasitology)
• Transcription Factors (genetics, metabolism)