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Synthesis and characterization of jacalin-gold nanoparticles conjugates as specific markers for cancer cells.

Abstract
New nanobiocomposites that combine nanoparticles and biomolecules have been shown very relevant for medical applications. Recently, cancer diagnostics and treatment have benefited from the development of nanobiocomposites, in which metallic or magnetic nanoparticles are conjugated with specific biomolecules for selective cell uptake. Despite recent advances in this area, the biomedical applications of these materials are still limited by the low efficiency of functionalization, low stability, among other factors. In this study, we report the synthesis of jacalin-conjugated gold nanoparticles, a nanoconjugate with potential application in medical areas, especially for cancer diagnosis. Jacalin is a lectin protein and it was employed due to its ability to recognize the Galβ1-3GalNAc disaccharide, which is highly expressed in tumor cells. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were synthesized in the presence of generation 4 polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM G4) and conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled jacalin. The AuNPs/jacalin nanoconjugates were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and vibrational spectroscopy (FTIR). We also performed an investigation using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and fluorescence quenching measurements to understand the interactions occurring between the AuNPs and jacalin, which revealed that the nanoconjugate formation is driven by an entropic process with good affinity. Furthermore, in vitro tests revealed that the AuNPs/jacalin-FITC nanoconjugates exhibited higher affinity for leukemic K562 cells than for healthy mononuclear blood cells, which could be useful for biomedical applications, including cancer cells imaging.
AuthorsValeria S Marangoni, Ieda M Paino, Valtencir Zucolotto
JournalColloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces (Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces) Vol. 112 Pg. 380-6 (Dec 01 2013) ISSN: 1873-4367 [Electronic] Netherlands
PMID24028851 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
CopyrightCopyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Chemical References
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Dendrimers
  • Fluorescent Dyes
  • Nanoconjugates
  • Nylons
  • PAMAM-G4
  • Plant Lectins
  • jacalin
  • Gold
  • Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate
Topics
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Cell Tracking (methods)
  • Circular Dichroism
  • Dendrimers
  • Drug Stability
  • Female
  • Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate
  • Fluorescent Dyes
  • Gold
  • Humans
  • K562 Cells
  • Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute (diagnosis)
  • Leukocytes, Mononuclear (cytology)
  • Male
  • Metal Nanoparticles (chemistry, ultrastructure)
  • Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
  • Nanoconjugates (chemistry, ultrastructure)
  • Nylons
  • Plant Lectins (chemistry)
  • Spectrophotometry
  • Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
  • Thermodynamics

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