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Trilostane therapy for treatment of spontaneous hyperadrenocorticism in cats: 15 cases (2004-2012).

AbstractBACKGROUND:
Medical treatment with trilostane improves clinical signs, causes unclear insulin requirement changes, and variable survival times in cats.
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS:
To characterize the long-term efficacy of trilostane in treating cats with hyperadrenocorticism (HAC).
ANIMALS:
Fifteen client-owned cats with spontaneous HAC.
METHODS:
Multicenter descriptive retrospective study with a search performed on all medical records for cats diagnosed with spontaneous HAC.
RESULTS:
Clinical signs (13 of 15 cats) and ACTH stimulation testing results (13 of 15) improved with trilostane therapy. Diabetes mellitus was reported in 9/15 cases. Insulin requirements decreased by 36% within 2 months in 6/9 diabetic cats. Median survival time was 617 days for all cats (range 80-1,278 days). Complications included weight loss, urinary tract infections, chronic kidney disease, seizures, and recurrent pancreatitis. Hypocortisolemia was documented in 1 case. Cause of death occurred as a result of nonadrenal or nondiabetic illnesses (renal failure, seizures [caused by hypoglycemia or unknown]), or lymphoma.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE:
Trilostane ameliorates clinical signs of HAC in cats, is tolerated well in the long term, and can lead to improved regulation of diabetes.
AuthorsA M Mellett Keith, D Bruyette, S Stanley
JournalJournal of veterinary internal medicine (J Vet Intern Med) 2013 Nov-Dec Vol. 27 Issue 6 Pg. 1471-7 ISSN: 1939-1676 [Electronic] United States
PMID24011349 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Multicenter Study)
CopyrightCopyright © 2013 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
Chemical References
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Insulin
  • Dihydrotestosterone
  • trilostane
Topics
  • Adrenocortical Hyperfunction (diagnostic imaging, drug therapy, physiopathology, veterinary)
  • Animals
  • Body Weight (physiology)
  • Cat Diseases (diagnostic imaging, drug therapy, physiopathology)
  • Cats
  • Diabetes Mellitus (physiopathology, veterinary)
  • Dihydrotestosterone (analogs & derivatives, pharmacology, therapeutic use)
  • Enzyme Inhibitors (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
  • Female
  • Insulin (administration & dosage)
  • Male
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Ultrasonography

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