Development of refractive error in individual children with regressed retinopathy of prematurity.

Abstract

PURPOSE:

We investigated longitudinally the refraction development in children with regressed retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), including those with and those without a history of peripheral retinal laser photocoagulation.

METHODS:

Longitudinal (0-7 years) cycloplegic refraction data were collected prospectively for two groups of preterm children: severe ROP group included those with regressed ROP following bilateral panretinal laser photocoagulation (n = 37; median gestational age [GA] = 25.2; range, 22.7-27.9 weeks) and mild/no ROP group included those with spontaneously regressed ROP or no ROP (n = 27; median GA = 27.1; range, 23.1-32.0 weeks). Analyses were based on spherical equivalent (SEQ), anisometropia, astigmatism, and age (corrected for gestation).

RESULTS:

The prevalence, magnitude, and rate of myopic progression all were significantly higher in the severe ROP group than in the mild/no ROP group. Longitudinal SEQ in the severe ROP group were best fit with a bilinear model. Before 1.3 years old, the rate of myopic shift was -4.7 diopters (D)/y; after 1.3 years, the rate slowed to -0.15 D/y. Longitudinal SEQ in the mild/no ROP group was best fit with a linear model, with a rate of -0.004 D/y. Anisometropia in the severe ROP group increased approximately three times faster than in the mild/no ROP group. In the severe ROP group, with-the-rule astigmatism increased significantly with age.

CONCLUSIONS:

The severe ROP group progressed rapidly toward myopia, particularly during the first 1.3 years; anisometropia and astigmatism also increased with age. The mild/no ROP group showed little change in refraction. Infants treated with laser photocoagulation for severe ROP should be monitored with periodic cycloplegic refractions and provided with early optical correction.

• Authors: Jingyun Wang, Xiaowei Ren, Li Shen, Susan E Yanni, Joel N Leffler, Eileen E Birch
• Journal: Investigative ophthalmology & visual science (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci) Vol. 54 Issue 9 Pg. 6018-24 (Sep 05 2013) ISSN: 1552-5783 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 23920368 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.)

Topics

• Child
• Child, Preschool
• Disease Progression
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Gestational Age
• Humans
• Infant
• Infant, Newborn
• Infant, Premature
• Infant, Very Low Birth Weight
• Male
• Prevalence
• Prognosis
• Prospective Studies
• Refractive Errors (epidemiology, etiology, physiopathology)
• Retinopathy of Prematurity (complications, diagnosis, physiopathology)
• Texas (epidemiology)
• Visual Acuity