Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and lymphoma risk: results of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

The relation between vitamin D status and lymphoma risk is inconclusive.

OBJECTIVE:

We examined the association between prediagnostic plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and lymphoid cancer risk.

DESIGN:

We conducted a study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort of 1127 lymphoma cases and 1127 matched controls with a mean follow-up time of 7.1 y. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate multivariable-adjusted incidence rate ratios of lymphoma risk in relation to plasma 25(OH)D. Season-standardized and season-specific 25(OH)D quartiles were used. We also analyzed 25(OH)D as a continuous variable and used predefined cutoffs.

RESULTS:

No statistically significant association between plasma 25(OH)D and overall lymphoid cancer risk was observed. A positive association for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma was noted only in those with a diagnosis made during the first 2 y of follow-up (P-heterogeneity = 0.03), which suggests the possibility of reverse causality. Further analysis restricted to participants with ≥2 y of follow-up time showed a significant association between 25(OH)D and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (n = 161): adjusted incidence rate ratios were 0.40 (95% CI: 0.18, 0.90; P-trend = 0.05) and 0.31 (95% CI: 0.13, 0.76; P-trend = 0.03) for the top compared with the bottom season-standardized and season-specific quartiles, respectively. Data on dietary vitamin D intake provided further support for the observed association (incidence rate ratio: 0.33; 95% CI = 0.12, 0.89; P-trend = 0.006).

CONCLUSIONS:

Our findings do not support a protective role of high 25(OH)D concentration in lymphoid cancers overall. However, they suggest that higher concentrations of 25(OH)D are associated with a reduced risk of CLL.

• Authors: Anna Łuczyńska, Rudolf Kaaks, Sabine Rohrmann, Susen Becker, Jakob Linseisen, Brian Buijsse, Kim Overvad, Antonia Trichopoulou, Elisavet Valanou, Antonia Barmpitsioti, Giovanna Masala, Claudia Agnoli, Rosario Tumino, Salvatore Panico, H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Fränzel J B van Duijnhoven, Petra H M Peeters, Roel Vermeulen, Elisabete Weiderpass, Magritt Brustad, Guri Skeie, Carlos A González, Paula Jakszyn, J Ramón Quirós, María-José Sánchez, José María Huerta, Eva Ardanaz, Beatrice Melin, Ann Sofie Johansson, Martin Almquist, Johan Malm, Kay-Tee Khaw, Nick Wareham, Ruth C Travis, Veronika Fedirko, Isabelle Romieu, Mazda Jenab, Valentina Gallo, Elio Riboli, Paolo Vineis, Alexandra Nieters
• Journal: The American journal of clinical nutrition (Am J Clin Nutr) Vol. 98 Issue 3 Pg. 827-38 (Sep 2013) ISSN: 1938-3207 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 23885049 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Vitamin D
• 25-hydroxyvitamin D

Topics

• Case-Control Studies
• Chronic Disease
• Cohort Studies
• Diet
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Humans
• Incidence
• Leukemia, Lymphoid (blood, etiology, prevention & control)
• Logistic Models
• Lymphoma (blood, etiology)
• Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin (blood, etiology)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Vitamin D (analogs & derivatives, blood, therapeutic use)