The relationship between body mass index and body fat percentage and periodontal status in Mexican adolescents.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To assess the association between obesity indicators and the periodontal status of high school students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

High school students (15-year-olds) in Mexico City participated in the survey (n = 257). International Obesity Task Force cut-off values (ISO-BMI) were applied to identify overweight and obesity. Also, bioelectrical impedance analysis was performed to estimate body fat percentage (BF%). The simplified detritus index (DI-S) was used to evaluate oral hygiene. The periodontal community index (CPI) was obtained to assess the periodontal status of the participants.

RESULTS:

Overweight/obesity was identified in 30.0% of the students. BF% was 37.5% in women and 21.2% in men and 16.7% of the participants smoked and 33.5% of the students presented DI-S >1. Based on CPI, 59.5% of the participants showed good periodontal status (CPI = 0); bleeding on probing without further periodontal involvement was found in 13.6% of the participants (CPI = 1), 23.8% showed a CPI = 2 (dental calculus) and a CPI = 3 (shallow periodontal pockets) was detected in 3.1% of the participants. The results of the multinomial logistical regression model fitting CPI ≥2 identified an association BF% (OR = 1.06), having poor oral hygiene (OR = 20.09) and smoking (OR = 2.49). Similarly, overweight/obesity was associated with CPI ≥2 (OR = 1.78) adjusting for school attended (public school OR = 0.35), oral hygiene (DI-S >1, OR = 23.92) and tobacco consumption (smoker OR = 1.81).

CONCLUSIONS:

Excess body fat indicators were associated with bleeding on probing and dental calculus in adolescents. The relationship between overweight/obesity and periodontal status in adolescents should be considered in oral health preventive programs.

• Authors: Maria E Irigoyen-Camacho, Leonor Sanchez-Perez, Nelly Molina-Frechero, Consuelo Velazquez-Alva, Marco Zepeda-Zepeda, Aida Borges-Yanez
• Journal: Acta odontologica Scandinavica (Acta Odontol Scand) Vol. 72 Issue 1 Pg. 48-57 (Jan 2014) ISSN: 1502-3850 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 23692334 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Topics

• Adiposity
• Adolescent
• Body Mass Index
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Female
• Humans
• Male
• Mexico
• Periodontitis (physiopathology)