The benefit of
glucosamine (GlcN) in bone and joint disorders remains controversial. N-acetylation and other N-acylations of GlcN alter its
biological properties fundamentally. We have shown previously that
N-butyryl glucosamine (
GlcNBu) preserved strikingly the subchondral bone structure in a destructive
arthritis rat model. Here, we examine whether
GlcNBu preserves bone in the ovariectomized (OVX) rat, a model for
postmenopausal osteoporosis. Rats were randomized into 4 groups: group 1,
sham OVX
glucose (Glc) fed; group 2,
sham OVX
GlcNBu fed; group 3, OVX Glc fed; and group 4, OVX
GlcNBu fed. A single, oral, 200-mg/kg dose of
GlcNBu or Glc was administered daily for 6 months. Bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density, and biomechanical properties of the femurs and spines were determined by standardized techniques. Two-way analysis of variance with a Bonferroni post hoc test was used for statistical analysis.
Ovariectomy in group 3 resulted either in significant or highly significant effects in a number of the tests. For spinal BMCs the interaction between
GlcNBu and OVX was significant. For the femurs, this interaction was also seen in energy to failure, and ultimate displacement and ultimate strain tests. In general,
ovariectomy was necessary to show significant preventive effects of
GlcNBu on
mineral content and some biomechanical properties. We conclude that
GlcNBu feeding in the OVX rat preserves bone
mineral and some biomechanical properties. Translationally,
GlcNBu can be positioned between nutriceuticals and
pharmaceuticals for the prevention and treatment of
osteoporosis. Advantages include low production costs and a favorable safety profile.