Allosteric inhibition of HIV-1 integrase activity.

Abstract

HIV-1 integrase is an important therapeutic target in the fight against HIV/AIDS. Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs), which target the enzyme active site, have witnessed clinical success over the past 5 years, but the generation of drug resistance poses challenges to INSTI-based therapies moving forward. Integrase is a dynamic protein, and its ordered multimerization is critical to enzyme activity. The integrase tetramer, bound to viral DNA, interacts with host LEDGF/p75 protein to tether integration to active genes. Allosteric integrase inhibitors (ALLINIs) that compete with LEDGF/p75 for binding to integrase disrupt integrase assembly with viral DNA and allosterically inhibit enzyme function. ALLINIs display steep dose response curves and synergize with INSTIs ex vivo, highlighting this novel inhibitor class for clinical development.

• Authors: Alan Engelman, Jacques J Kessl, Mamuka Kvaratskhelia
• Journal: Current opinion in chemical biology (Curr Opin Chem Biol) Vol. 17 Issue 3 Pg. 339-45 (Jun 2013) ISSN: 1879-0402 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 23647983 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Review)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• HIV Integrase Inhibitors
• HIV Integrase
• p31 integrase protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1

Topics

• Allosteric Regulation (drug effects)
• Catalytic Domain
• Cytoplasm (virology)
• HIV Integrase (chemistry, metabolism)
• HIV Integrase Inhibitors (pharmacology)
• HIV-1 (enzymology)
• Humans