Gastrointestinal hormones and bariatric surgery-induced weight loss.

Abstract

UNLABELLED:

Obesity continues to be a major public health problem in the United States and worldwide. While recent statistics have demonstrated that obesity rates have begun to plateau, more severe classes of obesity are accelerating at a faster pace with important implications in regards to treatment. Bariatric surgery has a profound and durable effect on weight loss, being to date one of the most successful interventions for obesity.

OBJECTIVE:

To provide updates to the possible role of gut hormones in post bariatric surgery weight loss and weight loss maintenance.

DESIGN AND METHODS:

The current review examines the changes in gastro-intestinal hormones with bariatric surgery and the potential mechanisms by which these changes could result in decreased weight and adiposity.

RESULTS:

The mechanism by which bariatric surgery results in body weight changes is incompletely elucidated, but it clearly goes beyond caloric restriction and malabsorption.

CONCLUSION:

Changes in gastro-intestinal hormones, including increases in GLP-1, PYY, and oxyntomodulin, decreases in GIP and ghrelin, or the combined action of all these hormones might play a role in induction and long-term maintenance of weight loss.

• Authors: Viorica Ionut, Miguel Burch, Adrienne Youdim, Richard N Bergman
• Journal: Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) (Obesity (Silver Spring)) Vol. 21 Issue 6 Pg. 1093-103 (Jun 2013) ISSN: 1930-739X [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 23512841 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Review)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2013 The Obesity Society.

Chemical References

• Bile Acids and Salts
• Gastrointestinal Hormones
• Ghrelin
• Oxyntomodulin
• Peptide YY
• Glucagon-Like Peptide 1

Topics

• Bariatric Surgery
• Bile Acids and Salts (metabolism)
• Caloric Restriction
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (surgery)
• Gastrointestinal Hormones (metabolism)
• Ghrelin (metabolism)
• Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (metabolism)
• Humans
• Obesity (surgery)
• Oxyntomodulin (metabolism)
• Peptide YY (metabolism)
• Postoperative Period
• United States
• Weight Loss