Early alterations in
glucose homeostasis increase the risk of developing
insulin resistance and
obesity later in life. The concurrence of altered
lipids and
insulin sensitivity/resistance markers at birth has been scarcely investigated. The study aimed to ascertain level ranges of
homocysteine (tHcyt),
arylesterase (AE),
lipids/
lipoproteins, and
insulin resistance/sensitivity markers in full-term neonates and to determine the concurrence effect of dyslipaemia and dysglycaemia on those parameters at birth. Participants were 197 full-term, 2.5 to <4.0 kg, without foetal distress Spanish newborns from the Mérida Study. Parameter percentiles for males and females were stated. The effect of the concurrence high
glucose/high
triglycerides (high
glucose/high TG) or high
glucose/low
cholesterol transported by HDL (HDL-c) on tHcyt,
LDL-c, HDL-c,
lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)), oxidised
LDL (
oxLDL), AE,
glucose,
insulin sensitivity (QUICKI) and
insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was studied. Females had higher total
cholesterol (TC), HDL-c,
Apo A1, Lp(a) and HDL-c/
Apo A1, but lower relative transport of TC (%TC) by the very low
lipoprotein fraction than males. No gender differences were found for
glucose, HOMA-IR and QUICKI. Neonates at the 2.5- to 2.999-kg range display more adequate HOMA-IR and QUICKI levels that their >3.0 kg counterparts. The concurrence of high
glucose/high TG or high
glucose/low HDL-c increased TC/HDL-c and HOMA-IR, but decreased,
oxLDL,
oxLDL/
LDL-c and QUICKI with respect to that of low
glucose/low TG or
glucose/high HDL-c. The concurrence
glucose/TG has predictive value for low QUICKI, whilst that of
glucose/HDL-c for low QUICKI and high HOMA-IR, suggesting the importance of routine TG, HDL-c and
glucose screening at birth as it would identify candidates for
insulin resistance.