Proton MR spectroscopy correlates diffuse axonal abnormalities with post-concussive symptoms in mild traumatic brain injury.

Abstract

There are no established biomarkers for mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), in part because post-concussive symptoms (PCS) are subjective and conventional imaging is typically unremarkable. To test whether diffuse axonal abnormalities quantified with three-dimensional (3D) proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (¹H-MRSI) correlated with patients' PCS, we retrospectively studied 26 mTBI patients (mean Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] score of 14.7), 18- to 56-year-olds and 13 controls three to 55 days post-injury. All were scanned at 3 Tesla with T1- and T2-weighted MRI and 3D ¹H-MRSI (480 voxels over 360 cm³, ∼30% of the brain). On scan day, patients completed a symptom questionnaire, and those who indicated at least one of the most common subacute mTBI symptoms (headache, dizziness, sleep disturbance, memory deficits, blurred vision) were grouped as PCS-positive. Global gray matter and white matter (GM/WM) absolute concentrations of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), creatine (Cr) and myo-inositol (mI) in PCS-positive and PCS-negative patients were compared to age- and gender-matched controls using two-way analysis of variance. The results showed that the PCS-negative group (n=11) and controls (n=8) did not differ in any GM or WM metabolite level. The PCS-positive patients (n=15) had lower WM NAA than the controls (n=12; 7.0 ± 0.6 versus 7.9 ± 0.5mM; p=0.0007). Global WM NAA, therefore, showed sensitivity to the TBI sequelae associated with common PCS in patients with mostly normal neuroimaging, as well as GCS scores. This suggests a potential biomarker role in a patient population in which objective measures of injury and symptomatology are currently lacking.

• Authors: Ivan I Kirov, Assaf Tal, James S Babb, Joseph Reaume, Tamara Bushnik, Teresa A Ashman, Steven Flanagan, Robert I Grossman, Oded Gonen
• Journal: Journal of neurotrauma (J Neurotrauma) Vol. 30 Issue 13 Pg. 1200-4 (Jul 01 2013) ISSN: 1557-9042 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 23339670 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)

Chemical References

• Protons

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Brain Injuries (complications, metabolism, pathology)
• Diffuse Axonal Injury (complications, metabolism, pathology)
• Female
• Humans
• Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Post-Concussion Syndrome (etiology, metabolism, pathology)
• Protons
• Retrospective Studies
• Young Adult