Geniposidic acid protects against D-galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide-induced hepatic failure in mice.

Abstract

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:

Geniposidic acid (GA) is an iridoid glucoside isolated from Gardeniae jasminoides Ellis (Rubiaceae) that has long been used to treat inflammation, jaundice and hepatic disorders.

AIMS OF THE STUDY:

This study examined the cytoprotective properties of GA against D-galactosamine (GalN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced fulminant hepatic failure.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Mice were given an intraperitoneal injection of GA (12.5, 25, 50 mg/kg) 1h before receiving GalN (800 mg/kg)/LPS (40 μg/kg). Liver and blood samples were collected 1 and 8 h after GalN/LPS injection.

RESULTS:

The survival rate of the GA group was significantly higher than the control. GalN/LPS increased serum aminotransferase activity, serum tumor necrosis factor-α level and hepatic lipid peroxidation and decreased hepatic glutathione content. These changes were attenuated by GA. GA augmented increases in serum interleukin-6 level, heme oxygenase-1 and NF-E2-related factor 2 protein expression. Mice treated with GA decreased cleaved caspase-8 and caspase-3 protein expression and showed significantly fewer apoptotic cells. GA increased Bcl-xL protein expression and decreased Bax protein expression. Moreover, GA treatment enhanced phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3.

CONCLUSION:

Our findings suggest that geniposidic acid alleviates GalN/LPS-induced liver injury by enhancing antioxidative defense system and reducing apoptotic signaling pathways.

• Authors: So-Jin Kim, Kang-Min Kim, Juhyun Park, Jong-Hwan Kwak, Yeong Shik Kim, Sun-Mee Lee
• Journal: Journal of ethnopharmacology (J Ethnopharmacol) Vol. 146 Issue 1 Pg. 271-7 (Mar 07 2013) ISSN: 1872-7573 [Electronic] Ireland
• PMID: 23298456 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Bax protein, mouse
• Interleukin-6
• Iridoid Glucosides
• Lipopolysaccharides
• Membrane Proteins
• NF-E2-Related Factor 2
• Nfe2l2 protein, mouse
• Plant Extracts
• Protective Agents
• STAT3 Transcription Factor
• Stat3 protein, mouse
• Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
• bcl-2-Associated X Protein
• bcl-X Protein
• geniposidic acid
• Galactosamine
• Heme Oxygenase-1
• Hmox1 protein, mouse
• Glutathione

Topics

• Animals
• Apoptosis (drug effects)
• Fruit
• Galactosamine
• Gardenia
• Glutathione (metabolism)
• Heme Oxygenase-1 (metabolism)
• Interleukin-6 (blood)
• Iridoid Glucosides (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Lipid Peroxidation (drug effects)
• Lipopolysaccharides
• Liver Failure (chemically induced, drug therapy, metabolism, pathology)
• Male
• Membrane Proteins (metabolism)
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred ICR
• NF-E2-Related Factor 2 (metabolism)
• Phytotherapy
• Plant Extracts (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Protective Agents (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• STAT3 Transcription Factor (metabolism)
• Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (blood)
• bcl-2-Associated X Protein (metabolism)
• bcl-X Protein (metabolism)