The relationship between
hormones and
endometrial cancer is well known because disease states, such as chronic
anovulation and endogenous
estrogen production from
hormone-secreting
tumors (for example,
granulosa cell tumor of the ovary), are related to excess
estrogen, and unopposed
estrogen use might lead to endometrial overgrowth,
hyperplasia, and subsequent development of
endometrial carcinoma. Therefore, the possibility of using antihormone
therapy in
endometrial carcinoma and/or its precancer lesions, such as simple
hyperplasia with and without atypia and complex
hyperplasia with and without atypia, is always supposed, as in the management of
breast cancer. In addition, if women in whom
endometrial cancer is diagnosed are very young, some critical issues should be considered, including the possibility of ovary preservation-partial preservation of fertility and the possibility of both ovary and uterus preservation-complete preservation of fertility. Other factors are also important to consider and include oncologic risk, appropriateness of candidates for treatment, type of
hormone use, response rate of hormonal
therapy, appropriate surveillance, and additional counseling for issues such as anxiety about relapse and
metastasis, distress about side effects, advice of the family, advice of the medical staff, and economic burden. This review will be focused on updated information and recent knowledge of the use of
hormones in the management of younger women with
endometrial cancer who want fertility preservation.