Opioid receptors control viral replication in the airways.
Abstract | OBJECTIVE: PATIENTS AND INTERVENTIONS: MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: In our human study, the A118G single nucleotide polymorphism rs1799971 was associated with respiratory syncytial virus disease severity (p = 0.015). In mice, nalmefene treatment increased viral titers and was associated with more pronounced weight loss. Increased viral replication was associated with increased levels of cytokines and chemokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, enhanced bronchoalveolar cellular influx, and exaggerated lung pathology. Pharmaceutical opioids, in particular DPDPE, did not affect viral replication. They did induce a decreased influx of neutrophils, but an increased influx of lymphocytes and monocytes into the bronchoalveolar lumen during respiratory syncytial virus infection. CONCLUSIONS: Using a human study and an experimental model, we show that opioid receptor signaling has a potential beneficial role in the outcome of respiratory viral disease. We show that opioid receptor signaling is required to control respiratory syncytial virus replication and thereby to control disease severity. However, we also show that caution is required before using pharmaceutical opioids as anti-inflammatory or antiviral treatment of patients with viral respiratory infection.
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Authors | Vahid Salimi, Marije P Hennus, Talat Mokhtari-Azad, Fazel Shokri, Riny Janssen, Hennie M Hodemaekers, Tomasz P Rygiel, Frank E J Coenjaerts, Linde Meyaard, Louis Bont |
Journal | Critical care medicine
(Crit Care Med)
Vol. 41
Issue 1
Pg. 205-14
(Jan 2013)
ISSN: 1530-0293 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 23222260
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Analgesics, Opioid
- Chemokines
- Interleukin-6
- Narcotic Antagonists
- OPRD1 protein, human
- OPRM1 protein, human
- Receptors, Opioid
- Receptors, Opioid, delta
- Receptors, Opioid, mu
- Naltrexone
- nalmefene
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Topics |
- Analgesics, Opioid
(pharmacology, therapeutic use)
- Animals
- Bronchiolitis
(drug therapy, genetics, immunology, virology)
- Case-Control Studies
- Chemokines
(metabolism)
- Female
- Genome-Wide Association Study
- Humans
- Infant
- Interleukin-6
(metabolism)
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Naltrexone
(analogs & derivatives, pharmacology)
- Narcotic Antagonists
(pharmacology)
- Polymorphism, Genetic
- Receptors, Opioid
(genetics, metabolism)
- Receptors, Opioid, delta
(genetics)
- Receptors, Opioid, mu
(genetics)
- Respiration, Artificial
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections
(drug therapy, genetics, immunology, virology)
- Respiratory System
(virology)
- Signal Transduction
(drug effects)
- Viral Load
- Virus Replication
(drug effects)
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