Metallothionein (MT), a low-molecular-weight
protein with a high affinity for divalent
heavy metal ions, is involved in many pathophysiological processes, including
metal homeostasis, detoxification, cell proliferation and protection against oxidative damage. We previously found that MT in gastric mucosa plays a role in protecting against Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-induced
gastritis at the early stage of
infection. H. pylori-induced chronic gastric
inflammation is shown to be associated with gastric
carcinogenesis. Thus, to examine whether gastric MT contributes to protection against H. pylori-induced chronic
inflammation, we compared histological changes in the gastric mucosa of MT-null and the wild-type mice at 53 weeks after inoculation three times with H. pylori SS1. As a result, we observed disruption of the gastric mucosa in MT-null mice, but not in the wild-type mice, even at the late stage of H. pylori-
infection. Evaluation of pathological changes in gastric specimens by the updated Sydney grading system revealed that scores related to chronic
inflammation and polymorphonuclear cell activity were higher in infected MT-null mice than those in the wild-type mice. Furthermore, a higher score for
metaplasia was also observed in the MT-null stomach. These results suggested that MT might be involved in protecting against H. pylori-induced gastric chronic
inflammation associated with
carcinogenesis.