Purpose. This is a case report of a patient with an
osteoid osteoma of the proximal fibula. The objective is to illustrate a rare
tumor location that requires open surgery due to closeness of neurological structures. Methods. Clinical and roentgenographic findings, treatment, and histological appearance are presented. Results. Local
pain and swelling of the proximal fibula with improvement under
salicylates led to the diagnosis of an
osteoid osteoma, what was confirmed with an MRI scan. Due to proximity to the common peroneal nerve, we decided for open surgery. During the operation, the nerve was seen to cross the
tumor site making it necessary to retract it to expose the entire
tumor. Histologically, typical features of
osteoid osteoma with a rather well-defined nidus surrounded by sclerotic bone were seen. A complete removal was performed. Conclusion.
Osteoid osteomas of the proximal fibula are rare. When planning surgery, the common peroneal nerve must be identified, and its further distal course should be taken into account to avoid iatrogenic damage to the nerve.