Acute hepatitis B in a patient with OLT during treatment with peg-interferon and ribavirin for hepatitis C recurrence.

Abstract	The course and outcome of acute viral hepatitis in liver transplanted patients with hepatitis C recurrence are unknown. Here we describe a patient who presented with acute hepatitis B infection while on treatment with peg-interferon and ribavirin for hepatitis C recurrence after liver transplantation. A nucleoside analogue was added (entecavir) and the patient cleared hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and seroconverted to anti-HBs. In this case, the acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection might have contributed to the clearance of HCV, the concomitant immunosuppression might have lead to the slow clearance of HBV infection, and the combined antiviral therapy has helped in the resolution of both infections. Hepatitis B vaccination should be recommended in susceptible patients waiting for liver transplantation.
Authors	Elisa Biliotti, Sabu Zacharia, Stefania Grieco, Martina Spaziante, Michela Giusto, Manuela Merli, Valentina Gallinaro, Gloria Taliani
Journal	Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy) (J Chemother) Vol. 24 Issue 6 Pg. 369-72 (Dec 2012) ISSN: 1973-9478 [Electronic] England
PMID	23174103 (Publication Type: Case Reports, Journal Article)
Chemical References	Antibodies, Viral Antiviral Agents Interferon alpha-2 Interferon-alpha Recombinant Proteins Polyethylene Glycols Ribavirin entecavir Guanine peginterferon alfa-2b
Topics	Aged Antibodies, Viral (analysis) Antiviral Agents (therapeutic use) Drug Therapy, Combination Guanine (analogs & derivatives, therapeutic use) Hepacivirus (drug effects, isolation & purification) Hepatitis B (blood, complications, drug therapy, immunology) Hepatitis B virus (drug effects, isolation & purification) Hepatitis C (blood, complications, drug therapy, immunology) Humans Interferon alpha-2 Interferon-alpha (therapeutic use) Liver Transplantation (adverse effects) Male Polyethylene Glycols (therapeutic use) Recombinant Proteins (therapeutic use) Recurrence Ribavirin (therapeutic use) Superinfection (blood, complications, drug therapy, immunology) Treatment Outcome Viral Load (drug effects)

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