Lung cancer is a highly malignant disease with poor prognosis, most cases are diagnosed at a very late stage. More effective medications or
therapies should be developed to improve its prognosis. The advancement of
tumor immunity and
tumor immunosuppression facilitated the feasibility of
immunotherapies for
lung cancer.
Ipilimumab, antibody to Programmed death-1 (PD-1),
Toll-like receptor agonists, liposomal BLP25 (L- BLP25),
belagenpumatucel-L,
melanoma-associated
antigen A3 (MAGE-A3)
vaccine and
talactoferrin have been proved to be effective for
lung cancer through early clinical trials, most of the drugs have moved forward to phase III trials, so as to collect much higher level evidence to support the
immunotherapies incorporated into the multidisciplinary treatment of
lung cancer. The selection of target patients at appropriate stages, breaking down of
tumor immunosuppression as well as the objective measurement of
tumor response to the
therapy are major challenges for the development of
immunotherapies for
lung cancer. The clarifying of the mechanism of immune escape led to the above
drug development, and immune-senescence has already become the hotspot in this field.