Prognostic factors of 2-year outcomes of patients with comorbid bipolar disorder or depression with alcohol dependence: importance of early abstinence.

Abstract

AIMS:

To investigate the prognostic factors that determine 2-year outcomes in a group of alcohol-dependent patients with depression or bipolar disorder who were treated in an intensive 4-week inpatient programme.

METHODS:

This was a longitudinal study of an inpatient treatment cohort of dual affective disorder and alcohol-dependent patients, in Dublin, Ireland. Measurements included baseline demographics with follow-up measurements at discharge, 3 months, 6 months and 2 years after treatment, including alcohol consumption, depression, mania/elation, anxiety, craving, drug use and sample blood tests. Factor and regression analysis of multiple variables was carried out to predict outcomes.

RESULTS:

A total of 189 participants with alcohol dependence and comorbid depression (n = 101) or bipolar disorder (n = 88) were followed over 2 years after discharge from treatment. Retention rate was 76% over 2 years. Early abstinence (at 6 months) predicted better abstinence overall at 2 years; and bipolar alcoholics had a better outcome in drinks per drinking day than depressed alcoholics at 2 years. Younger participants (age 18-30 years) did relatively worse than middle-age (30-50 years) and older (51 + years) participants in measures of abstinence and number of drinks per drinking day at 2 years; and females did better than males in number of drinks per drinking day at 2 years.

CONCLUSION:

Dual diagnosis of alcohol dependence and depression or bipolar disorder may be treated together with intensive intervention and follow-up, and various prognostic factors including early abstinence emerge over time that influence outcomes over 2 years.

• Authors: Conor K Farren, Laura Snee, Pamela Daly, Sharon McElroy
• Journal: Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire) (Alcohol Alcohol) 2013 Jan-Feb Vol. 48 Issue 1 Pg. 93-8 ISSN: 1464-3502 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 23059424 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Aged
• Alcoholism (diagnosis, epidemiology, therapy)
• Bipolar Disorder (diagnosis, epidemiology, therapy)
• Cohort Studies
• Comorbidity
• Depression (diagnosis, epidemiology, therapy)
• Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry)
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Humans
• Ireland (epidemiology)
• Longitudinal Studies
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Prognosis
• Temperance (trends)
• Time Factors
• Treatment Outcome
• Young Adult