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Activity of the thiopeptide antibiotic nosiheptide against contemporary strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Abstract
The rapid rise in antimicrobial resistance in bacteria has generated an increased demand for the development of novel therapies to treat contemporary infections, especially those caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, antimicrobial development has been largely abandoned by the pharmaceutical industry. We recently isolated the previously described thiopeptide antibiotic nosiheptide from a marine actinomycete strain and evaluated its activity against contemporary clinically relevant bacterial pathogens. Nosiheptide exhibited extremely potent activity against all contemporary MRSA strains tested including multiple drug-resistant clinical isolates, with MIC values 0.25 mg l(-1). Nosiheptide was also highly active against Enterococcus spp. and the contemporary hypervirulent BI/NAP1/027 strain of Clostridium difficile but was inactive against most Gram-negative strains tested. Time-kill analysis revealed nosiheptide to be rapidly bactericidal against MRSA in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, with a nearly 2-log kill noted at 6 h at 10 × MIC. Furthermore, nosiheptide was found to be non-cytotoxic against mammalian cells at >>100 × MIC, and its anti-MRSA activity was not inhibited by 20% human serum. Notably, nosiheptide exhibited a significantly prolonged post-antibiotic effect against both healthcare- and community-associated MRSA compared with vancomycin. Nosiheptide also demonstrated in vivo activity in a murine model of MRSA infection, and therefore represents a promising antibiotic for the treatment of serious infections caused by contemporary strains of MRSA.
AuthorsNina M Haste, Wdee Thienphrapa, Dan N Tran, Sandra Loesgen, Peng Sun, Sang-Jip Nam, Paul R Jensen, William Fenical, George Sakoulas, Victor Nizet, Mary E Hensler
JournalThe Journal of antibiotics (J Antibiot (Tokyo)) Vol. 65 Issue 12 Pg. 593-8 (Dec 2012) ISSN: 1881-1469 [Electronic] England
PMID23047246 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Thiazoles
  • Vancomycin
  • nosiheptide
Topics
  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Female
  • HeLa Cells
  • Humans
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (drug effects)
  • Mice
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Staphylococcal Infections (drug therapy, microbiology)
  • Streptomyces (metabolism)
  • Thiazoles (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
  • Time Factors
  • Vancomycin (pharmacology)

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