Glimepiride: evidence-based facts, trends, and observations (GIFTS). [corrected].

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance and progressive β cell failure; therefore, β cell secretagogues are useful for achieving sufficient glycemic control. Glimepiride is a second-generation sulfonylurea that stimulates pancreatic β cells to release insulin. Additionally, is has been shown to work via several extra pancreatic mechanisms. It is administered as monotherapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in whom glycemic control is not achieved by dietary and lifestyle modifications. It can also be combined with other antihyperglycemic agents, including metformin and insulin, in patients who are not adequately controlled by sulfonylureas alone. The effective dosage range is 1 to 8 mg/day; however, there is no significant difference between 4 and 8 mg/day, but it should be used with caution in the elderly and in patients with renal or hepatic disease. In clinical studies, glimepiride was generally associated with lower risk of hypoglycemia and less weight gain compared to other sulfonylureas. Glimepiride use may be safer in patients with cardiovascular disease because of its lack of detrimental effects on ischemic preconditioning. It is effective in reducing fasting plasma glucose, post-prandial glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin levels and is a useful, cost-effective treatment option for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus.

• Authors: Abdul Basit, Musarrat Riaz, Asher Fawwad
• Journal: Vascular health and risk management (Vasc Health Risk Manag) Vol. 8 Pg. 463-72 ( 2012) ISSN: 1178-2048 [Electronic] New Zealand
• PMID: 23028231 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)

Chemical References

• Biomarkers
• Blood Glucose
• Glycated Hemoglobin A
• Hypoglycemic Agents
• Sulfonylurea Compounds
• hemoglobin A1c protein, human
• glimepiride

Topics

• Biomarkers (blood)
• Blood Glucose (drug effects, metabolism)
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (blood, diagnosis, drug therapy)
• Drug Therapy, Combination
• Evidence-Based Medicine
• Glycated Hemoglobin (metabolism)
• Humans
• Hypoglycemia (chemically induced)
• Hypoglycemic Agents (administration & dosage, adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Insulin-Secreting Cells (drug effects, metabolism)
• Sulfonylurea Compounds (administration & dosage, adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Treatment Outcome
• Weight Gain (drug effects)