Whole egg consumption improves lipoprotein profiles and insulin sensitivity to a greater extent than yolk-free egg substitute in individuals with metabolic syndrome.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

We investigated if daily egg feeding, along with carbohydrate restriction, would alter lipoprotein metabolism and influence atherogenic lipoprotein profiles and insulin resistance in men and women with metabolic syndrome (MetS).

METHODS:

In a randomized, single-blind, parallel design, participants consumed either 3 whole eggs/day (EGG, n=20) or the equivalent amount of yolk-free egg substitute (SUB, n=17), as part of a moderately carbohydrate-restricted diet (25%-30% energy) for 12 weeks. Plasma lipids, apolipoproteins (apos), oxidized LDL (oxLDL), cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activities were assessed at baseline and week 12. Lipoprotein particle concentrations and sizes were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

RESULTS:

Atherogenic dyslipidemia improved for all individuals as evidenced by reductions in plasma triglycerides, apoC-III, apoE, oxLDL, VLDL particle diameter, large VDL, total IDL, small LDL, and medium LDL particles (P<0.05). Furthermore, there were increases in HDL-cholesterol, large LDL and large HDL particles (P<0.05) for all individuals. However, there were greater increases in HDL-cholesterol and large HDL particles, and reductions in total VLDL and medium VLDL particles for those consuming EGG compared to SUB (P<0.05). Plasma insulin and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were reduced, while LCAT activity, and both HDL and LDL diameters increased over time in the EGG group only (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS:

Incorporating daily whole egg intake into a moderately carbohydrate-restricted diet provides further improvements in the atherogenic lipoprotein profile and in insulin resistance in individuals with MetS.

• Authors: Christopher N Blesso, Catherine J Andersen, Jacqueline Barona, Jeff S Volek, Maria Luz Fernandez
• Journal: Metabolism: clinical and experimental (Metabolism) Vol. 62 Issue 3 Pg. 400-10 (Mar 2013) ISSN: 1532-8600 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 23021013 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Apolipoproteins
• CETP protein, human
• Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins
• Lipoproteins, LDL
• Triglycerides
• oxidized low density lipoprotein
• Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase

Topics

• Apolipoproteins (blood, ultrastructure)
• Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins (blood)
• Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted
• Eggs
• Female
• Humans
• Insulin Resistance (physiology)
• Lipoproteins, LDL (blood, ultrastructure)
• Male
• Metabolic Syndrome (blood, diagnostic imaging, metabolism)
• Middle Aged
• Particle Size
• Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase (blood)
• Single-Blind Method
• Triglycerides (blood)
• Ultrasonography