Mepolizumab treatment for asthma.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:

Five percent of asthmatics have severe symptoms despite high doses of inhaled (ICS) or additional oral corticosteroids (OCS): these patients have high morbidity, risk for asthma death, and account for half of asthma healthcare spending. A subgroup (20 - 40%) of these has persistent airway eosinophilia and frequent exacerbations. Mepolizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that blocks binding of the key cytokine implicated specifically in eosinophil maturation and survival, interleukin-5, to its receptor.

AREAS COVERED:

Pharmacology, Phase I/IIa and Phase II/III studies of mepolizumab for asthma. Mepolizumab depleted blood and sputum eosinophils and partially reduced airway and bone marrow eosinophils. It also reduced airway remodeling. In unselected patients with moderate/severe asthma there was no clinically significant effect on lung function, but a trend to reduced exacerbation rates. When patients were selected for persistent sputum eosinophilia despite high-dose ICS/OCS, and frequent exacerbations, mepolizumab reduced exacerbations by 50%.

EXPERT OPINION:

Mepolizumab can reduce exacerbation rates in the severe asthma cohort who have eosinophilic airway inflammation despite corticosteroid treatment. This may be 30% of severe asthmatics and represents a new and important treatment option. Further studies need to confirm efficacy and indications for asthma (and other eosinophilic airway disease), and to examine clinical consequences of reducing remodeling.

• Authors: Douglas S Robinson
• Journal: Expert opinion on biological therapy (Expert Opin Biol Ther) Vol. 13 Issue 2 Pg. 295-302 (Feb 2013) ISSN: 1744-7682 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 22998420 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
• Interleukin-5
• mepolizumab

Topics

• Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized (immunology, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic use)
• Asthma (drug therapy, immunology)
• Humans
• Interleukin-5 (immunology)