Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of valnemulin in Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata).

Abstract

1. A pharmacokinetic study of valnemulin was conducted in healthy Muscovy ducks after intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM) and oral administrations at a dose rate of 15 mg/kg body weight. 2. Drug concentrations in plasma were determined by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Pharmacokinetics parameters of valnemulin were analysed by compartmental analysis using the WinNonlin program. 3. After IV administration, valnemulin was widely distributed with a volume of distribution based on a terminal phase (V(z)) of 8·19 ± 3·07 l/kg, a mean elimination half-life (t(1/2Ke)) of 2·63 h, and a clearance (Cl) value of 5·56 ± 1·53 l/kg/h. Following intramuscular and oral administration, valnemulin was rapidly absorbed; the C(max) was 0·44 ± 0·13 and 0·12 ± 0·02 µg/ml (achieved at 0·28 and 1·80 h), the t(1/2Ke) was 3·17 ± 3·83 and 4·83 ± 1·81 h, and the absolute bioavailability (F) was 72% and 37%, respectively. 4. The plasma profile of valnemulin exhibited favourable pharmacokinetic characteristics in Muscovy ducks, such as wide distribution, and rapid absorption and elimination, though oral bioavailability was low.

• Authors: J Sun, L Yuan, L Zhu, L He, X Luo, R Wang, Y Liu
• Journal: British poultry science (Br Poult Sci) Vol. 53 Issue 3 Pg. 374-8 ( 2012) ISSN: 1466-1799 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 22978594 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Anti-Bacterial Agents
• Diterpenes
• valnemulin

Topics

• Administration, Oral
• Animals
• Anti-Bacterial Agents (administration & dosage, blood, pharmacokinetics)
• Biological Availability
• Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid (veterinary)
• Diterpenes (administration & dosage, blood, pharmacokinetics)
• Drug Administration Schedule
• Ducks (metabolism)
• Female
• Half-Life
• Injections, Intramuscular (veterinary)
• Injections, Intravenous (veterinary)
• Male
• Random Allocation
• Tandem Mass Spectrometry (veterinary)