Assessment of DNA damage and repair in adults consuming allyl isothiocyanate or Brassica vegetables.

Abstract

Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) is a dietary component with possible anticancer effects, though much information about AITC and cancer has been obtained from cell studies. To investigate the effect of AITC on DNA integrity in vivo, a crossover study was conducted. Adults (n=46) consumed AITC, AITC-rich vegetables [mustard and cabbage (M/C)] or a control treatment with a controlled diet for 10 days each. On day 11, volunteers provided blood and urine before and after consuming treatments. Volunteers were characterized for genotype for GSTM1 and GSTT1 (glutathione S-transferases) and XPD (DNA repair). DNA integrity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was assessed by single-cell gel electrophoresis. Urine was analyzed for 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and creatinine. Ten-day intake of neither AITC nor M/C resulted in statistically significant differences in DNA strand breaks [least squares mean (LSmean) % DNA in tail±S.E.M.: 4.8±0.6 for control, 5.7±0.7 for AITC, 5.3±0.6 for M/C] or urinary 8-oxodG (LSmean μg 8-oxodG/g creatinine±S.E.M.: 2.95±0.09 for control, 2.88±0.09 for AITC, 3.06±0.09 for M/C). Both AITC and M/C increased DNA strand breaks 3 h postconsumption (LSmean % DNA in tail±S.E.M.: 3.2±0.7 for control, 8.3±1.7 for AITC, 8.0±1.7 for M/C), and this difference disappeared at 6 h (4.2±0.9 for control, 5.7±1.2 for AITC, 5.5±1.2 for M/C). Genotypes for GSTM1, GSTT1 and XPD were not associated with treatment effects. In summary, DNA damage appeared to be induced in the short term by AITC and AITC-rich products, but that damage disappeared quickly, and neither AITC nor AITC-rich products affected DNA base excision repair.

• Authors: Craig S Charron, Beverly A Clevidence, George A Albaugh, Matthew H Kramer, Bryan T Vinyard, John A Milner, Janet A Novotny
• Journal: The Journal of nutritional biochemistry (J Nutr Biochem) Vol. 24 Issue 5 Pg. 894-902 (May 2013) ISSN: 1873-4847 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 22902324 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.)
• Copyright: Published by Elsevier Inc.

Chemical References

• Isothiocyanates
• Plant Extracts
• 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine
• Creatinine
• allyl isothiocyanate
• glutathione S-transferase T1
• Glutathione Transferase
• glutathione S-transferase M1
• Deoxyguanosine

Topics

• 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine
• Brassica (chemistry)
• Comet Assay
• Creatinine (urine)
• Cross-Over Studies
• DNA Damage (drug effects)
• DNA Repair
• Deoxyguanosine (analogs & derivatives, urine)
• Diet
• Female
• Glutathione Transferase (genetics, metabolism)
• Humans
• Isothiocyanates (administration & dosage)
• Leukocytes, Mononuclear (drug effects)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Plant Extracts (administration & dosage)
• Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
• Vegetables (chemistry)