Abstract |
Understanding the immune responses that explain why infants require multiple doses of pertussis vaccine to achieve protection against infection is a high priority. The objective of this study was to compare the function and phenotypes of antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells in adults (n=12), compared to infants (n=20), following vaccination with acellular pertussis ( DTaP) vaccine. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were stimulated with pertussis toxoid (PT), pertactin (PRN) and filamentous haemagglutinin (FHA). Multi-parameter flow cytometry was used to delineate CD4(+) T cell populations and phenotypes producing interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-2, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-4. Based on surface CD69 expression, infants demonstrated activation of vaccine antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells similar to adults. However, among infants, Boolean combinations of gates suggested that type 1 (Th-1) CD4(+) T cell responses were confined largely to TNF-α(+) IL-2(+) IFN-γ(-) or TNF-α(+) IL-2(-) IFN-γ(-) . A significantly lower percentage of polyfunctional T helper type 1 (Th1) responses (TNF-α(+) IFN-γ(+) IL-2(+) ) and type 2 (Th2) responses (IL-4) were present in the infants compared to adults. Moreover, a significantly higher percentage of infants' functional CD4(+) T cells were restricted to CD45RA(-) CCR7(+) CD27(+) phenotype, consistent with early-stage differentiated pertussis-specific memory CD4(+) T cells. We show for the first time that DTaP vaccination-induced CD4(+) T cells in infants are functionally and phenotypically dissimilar from those of adults.
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Authors | S K Sharma, M E Pichichero |
Journal | Clinical and experimental immunology
(Clin Exp Immunol)
Vol. 169
Issue 3
Pg. 281-91
(Sep 2012)
ISSN: 1365-2249 [Electronic] England |
PMID | 22861368
(Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article)
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Copyright | © 2012 The Authors. Clinical and Experimental Immunology © 2012 British Society for Immunology. |
Chemical References |
- Antibodies, Bacterial
- Antigens, Bacterial
- Antigens, CD
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte
- CD69 antigen
- Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines
- Enterotoxins
- Lectins, C-Type
- Lymphokines
- enterotoxin B, staphylococcal
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Topics |
- Adult
- Aging
(immunology)
- Antibodies, Bacterial
(biosynthesis, immunology)
- Antigens, Bacterial
(immunology)
- Antigens, CD
(analysis)
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte
(analysis)
- Bordetella pertussis
(immunology)
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
(immunology, metabolism)
- Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines
(immunology)
- Enterotoxins
(immunology)
- Female
- Humans
- Immunophenotyping
- Infant
- Lectins, C-Type
(analysis)
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Lymphokines
(metabolism)
- Male
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets
(immunology, metabolism)
- Th1 Cells
(immunology)
- Th2 Cells
(immunology)
- Vaccination
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