Acute oral toxicity of 3-MCPD mono- and di-palmitic esters in Swiss mice and their cytotoxicity in NRK-52E rat kidney cells.

Abstract

The acute oral toxicity of 1-palmitoyl-3-chloropropanediol (3-MCPD 1-monopalmitate) and 1,2-bis-palmitoyl-3-chloropropanediol (3-MCPD dipalmitate) in Swiss mice were examined, along with their cytotoxicity in NRK-52E rat kidney cells. LD50 (median lethal dose) value of 3-MCPD 1-monopalmitate was determined 2676.81 mg/kg body weight (BW). The results showed that 3-MCPD 1-monopalmitate dose-dependently decreased the mean body weight, and caused significant increase of serum urea nitrogen and creatinine in dead mice compared to the control and survived mice. Major histopathological changes in mice fed 3-MCPD 1-monopalmitate were renal tubular necrosis, protein casts and spermatids decrease in the seminiferous tubules. According to the limit test for 3-MCPD dipalmitate, LD50 value of 3-MCPD dipalmitate was presumed to be greater than 5000 mg/kg BW. Obvious changes were not observed on mean body weight, absolute and relative organ weight or serum urea nitrogen and creatinine levels in mice fed 3-MCPD dipalmitate. However, renal tubular necrosis, protein casts and spermatids decrease were also observed in the dead mice. In addition, MTT and LDH assay results only showed the cytotoxicity of 3-MCPD 1-monopalmitate in NRK-52E rat kidney cells in a dose-dependent manner. Together, the results indicated a greater toxicity of 3-MCPD 1-monopalmitate compared to 3-MCPD dipalmitate.

• Authors: Man Liu, Bo-Yan Gao, Fang Qin, Ping-Ping Wu, Hai-Ming Shi, Wei Luo, Ai-Niu Ma, Yuan-Rong Jiang, Xue-Bing Xu, Liang-Li Lucy Yu
• Journal: Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association (Food Chem Toxicol) Vol. 50 Issue 10 Pg. 3785-91 (Oct 2012) ISSN: 1873-6351 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 22847132 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Palmitic Acid
• Urea
• alpha-Chlorohydrin
• Creatinine
• Glycerol

Topics

• Administration, Oral
• Animals
• Body Weight (drug effects)
• Cell Line
• Creatinine (blood)
• Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
• Glycerol (administration & dosage, analogs & derivatives, chemistry, toxicity)
• Liver (drug effects, pathology)
• Mice
• Organ Size (drug effects)
• Palmitic Acid (chemistry)
• Rats
• Time Factors
• Urea (blood)
• alpha-Chlorohydrin