Abstract |
This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of Kaempferia galanga (KG) using an activity-guided approach. KG rhizomes were serially extracted with petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and water. These extracts (2 g/kg each) were tested for their ability to inhibit carrageenan-induced rat paw edema. The chloroform extract was found to exert the highest inhibition (42.9%) compared to control (p < 0.001), hence it was further fractionated by washing serially with hexane, hexane- chloroform (1:1) and chloroform. The chloroform fraction (1 g/kg) showed the highest inhibitory effect (51.9%, (p < 0.001), on carrageenan-induced edema. This chloroform fraction was further fractionated with hexane- chloroform (1:3) and chloroform, and of the two fractions, the hexane- chloroform sub-fraction was the most effective in inhibiting edema (53.7%, p < 0.001). GC-MS analysis of the active sub-fraction identified ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate (EPMC) as the major component, which was re-crystallized. EPMC dose-dependently inhibited carrageenan-induced edema with an MIC of 100 mg/kg. Moreover, in an in vitro study, EPMC non-selectively inhibited the activities of cyclooxygenases 1 and 2, with IC₅₀ values of 1.12 µM and 0.83 µM respectively. These results validate the anti-inflammatory activity of KG which may be exerted by the inhibition of cyclooxygenases 1 and 2. EPMC isolated from this plant may be the active anti-inflammatory agent.
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Authors | Muhammad Ihtisham Umar, Mohd Zaini Asmawi, Amirin Sadikun, Item J Atangwho, Mun Fei Yam, Rabia Altaf, Ashfaq Ahmed |
Journal | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
(Molecules)
Vol. 17
Issue 7
Pg. 8720-34
(Jul 23 2012)
ISSN: 1420-3049 [Electronic] Switzerland |
PMID | 22825623
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents
- Cinnamates
- Plant Extracts
- octylmethoxycinnamate
- Carrageenan
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Topics |
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents
(administration & dosage, chemistry, isolation & purification)
- Carrageenan
(toxicity)
- Cinnamates
(administration & dosage, chemistry, isolation & purification)
- Edema
(chemically induced, drug therapy)
- Plant Extracts
(administration & dosage, chemistry)
- Rats
- Rhizome
(chemistry)
- Zingiberaceae
(chemistry)
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