Abstract | BACKGROUND:
Antibiotic homogeneity is thought to drive resistance but in vivo data are lacking. In this study, we determined the impact of antibiotic homogeneity per se, and of cefepime versus antipseudomonal penicillin/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations (APP-β), on the likelihood of infection or colonisation with antibiotic resistant bacteria and/or two commonly resistant nosocomial pathogens (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). A secondary question was whether antibiotic cycling was associated with adverse outcomes including mortality, length of stay, and antibiotic resistance. METHODS: We evaluated clinical and microbiological outcomes in two similar metropolitan ICUs, which both alternated cefepime with APP-β in four-month cycles. All microbiological isolates and commensal samples were analysed for the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria including MRSA and P. aeruginosa. RESULTS: CONCLUSIONS: Ecological effects of different β- lactam antibiotics may be more important than specific activity against the causative agents or the effect of antibiotic homogeneity in selection for antibiotic resistance. This has important implications for antibiotic policy.
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Authors | Andrew N Ginn, Agnieszka M Wiklendt, Heather F Gidding, Narelle George, James S O'Driscoll, Sally R Partridge, Brian I O'Toole, Rita A Perri, Joan Faoagali, John E Gallagher, Jeffrey Lipman, Jonathan R Iredell |
Journal | PloS one
(PLoS One)
Vol. 7
Issue 6
Pg. e38719
( 2012)
ISSN: 1932-6203 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 22761698
(Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
- Cephalosporins
- Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination
- Cefepime
- Penicillanic Acid
- Piperacillin
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Topics |
- Adult
- Aged
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
(pharmacology)
- Cefepime
- Cephalosporins
(pharmacology)
- Drug Prescriptions
- Drug Resistance, Bacterial
- Female
- Humans
- Intensive Care Units
- Length of Stay
- Male
- Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
(isolation & purification)
- Microbial Sensitivity Tests
- Middle Aged
- Nasopharynx
(microbiology)
- Penicillanic Acid
(analogs & derivatives, pharmacology)
- Piperacillin
(pharmacology)
- Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination
- Pseudomonas Infections
(drug therapy, microbiology, mortality)
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(isolation & purification)
- Staphylococcal Infections
(drug therapy, microbiology, mortality)
- Survival Rate
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