Bilateral oblique facial clefts and extremity anomaly in an infant after intrauterine efavirenz exposure and review of its teratogenic risk.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

Congenital anomalies may be caused by genetic or environmental factors or a combination of both. Oblique facial clefts are very rare congenital deformities. The occurrence of facial clefts and an extremity anomaly suggests a common underlying cause. Lateral oro-ocular clefts do not occur along normal developmental planes and may be part of the amnion disruption complex sequence. Our objective was to report a case of this very event, which also followed an unusual intrauterine exposure and review the literature on the teratogenic risk of efavirenz.

STUDY DESIGN:

We report a case of amniotic rupture sequence after fetal HIV and antiretroviral exposure.

RESULT:

Teratogenic exposure has been rarely reported and never after antiretroviral exposure.

CONCLUSION:

By reporting and registering more cases, we will be able to better assess the risks such medications pose to the developing fetus. The publication of a single case report has the potential to contribute to our knowledge of the significance of prenatal exposure to antiretrovirals and other medications for common HIV-associated disorders. It also generates a hypothesis that can be tested with further clinical data, animal models and epidemiologic studies.

• Authors: Alan L Shanske
• Journal: AIDS (London, England) (AIDS) Vol. 26 Issue 14 Pg. 1775-9 (Sep 10 2012) ISSN: 1473-5571 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 22695300 (Publication Type: Case Reports, Journal Article, Review)

Chemical References

• Alkynes
• Anti-HIV Agents
• Benzoxazines
• Cyclopropanes
• Teratogens
• efavirenz

Topics

• Abnormalities, Drug-Induced (diagnostic imaging, etiology, surgery)
• Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (drug therapy)
• Adult
• Alkynes
• Anti-HIV Agents (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Benzoxazines (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Child of Impaired Parents
• Cleft Palate (chemically induced, diagnostic imaging, surgery)
• Craniofacial Dysostosis (chemically induced, diagnostic imaging, surgery)
• Cyclopropanes
• Eye Abnormalities (chemically induced, diagnostic imaging, surgery)
• Female
• Humans
• Imaging, Three-Dimensional
• Infant
• Infant, Newborn
• Maxillofacial Abnormalities (chemically induced, diagnostic imaging, surgery)
• Pregnancy
• Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
• Radiography
• Teratogens