Palvanil, a non-pungent capsaicin analogue, inhibits inflammatory and neuropathic pain with little effects on bronchopulmonary function and body temperature.

Abstract

N-Palmitoyl-vanillamide (palvanil) is a non-pungent capsaicinoid, found in low amounts in Capsicum and shown to rapidly desensitize transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 (TRPV1) channels to the action of capsaicin and to exert analgesic effects after local administration. We have investigated here if systemic administration of palvanil to mice causes two typical adverse events of TRPV1 agonists, i.e. profound changes in body temperature and bronchoconstriction, and if it can still produce effective inhibition of inflammatory and chronic pain in different experimental models. Varying doses of palvanil were tested subcutaneously and acutely on body temperature in vivo or, or as a bolus, on bronchopulmunary function ex vivo, in comparison with capsaicin. Intraperitoneal palvanil was also tested against formalin-induced nocifensive behavior and carrageenan-induced oedema and thermal hyperalgesia, acutely, and against mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia in mice with spared nerve injury (SNI) of the sciatic nerve, after repeated administration over 7 days from SNI. Palvanil, at therapeutically relevant doses, produced significantly less hypothermia and bronchoconstriction than capsaicin. Palvanil (0.5-2.5 mg/kg) abolished formalin-induced nocifensive behavior and strongly attenuated SNI-induced mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia and carrageenan-induced oedema and thermal hyperalgesia. Systemic administration of the non-pungent capsaicinoid, palvanil, produces, at least in mice, much less of those side effects typical of TRPV1 agonists (hypothermia and bronchoconstriction), whilst being very effective at reducing pain and oedema. Thus, palvanil might be developed further as a novel pharmacological treatment for chronic abnormal pain.

• Authors: Livio Luongo, Barbara Costa, Bruno D'Agostino, Francesca Guida, Francesca Comelli, Luisa Gatta, Maria Matteis, Nikol Sullo, Luciano De Petrocellis, Vito de Novellis, Sabatino Maione, Vincenzo Di Marzo
• Journal: Pharmacological research (Pharmacol Res) Vol. 66 Issue 3 Pg. 243-50 (Sep 2012) ISSN: 1096-1186 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 22634607 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Analgesics
• N-palmitoyl-vanillamide
• TRPV Cation Channels
• TRPV1 protein, mouse
• Capsaicin

Topics

• Analgesics (pharmacology)
• Animals
• Body Temperature (drug effects)
• Bronchoconstriction (drug effects)
• Capsaicin (analogs & derivatives, pharmacology)
• Edema (drug therapy, metabolism)
• Female
• Hyperalgesia (drug therapy, metabolism)
• Hypothermia (drug therapy, metabolism)
• Inflammation (drug therapy, metabolism)
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred BALB C
• Mice, Inbred C57BL
• Neuralgia (drug therapy, metabolism)
• Pain Measurement (methods)
• Respiratory System (drug effects, metabolism)
• Sciatic Nerve (drug effects, metabolism)
• TRPV Cation Channels (agonists, metabolism)