Effects of different fractions of whey protein on postprandial lipid and hormone responses in type 2 diabetes.

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:

Exacerbated postprandial lipid responses are associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. Dietary proteins influence postprandial lipemia differently, and whey protein has a preferential lipid-lowering effect. We compared the effects of different whey protein fractions on postprandial lipid and hormone responses added to a high-fat meal in type 2 diabetic subjects.

SUBJECTS/METHODS:

A total of 12 type 2 diabetic subjects ingested four isocaloric test meals in randomized order. The test meals contained 100 g of butter and 45 g of carbohydrate in combination with 45 g of whey isolate (iso-meal), whey hydrolysate (hydro-meal), α-lactalbumin enhanced whey (lac-meal) or caseinoglycomacropeptide enhanced whey (CGMP-meal). Plasma concentrations of triglyceride, retinyl palmitate, free fatty acid, insulin, glucose, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide 1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide were measured before and at regular intervals until 8-h postprandially.

RESULTS:

We found no statistical significant differences between meals on our primary variable triglyceride. The retinyl palmitate response was higher after the hydro-meal than after the iso- and lac-meal in the chylomicron-rich fraction (P=0.008) while no significant differences were found in the chylomicron-poor fraction. The hydro- and iso-meal produced a higher insulin response compared with the lac- and CGMP-meal (P<0.001). Otherwise no significant differences in the hormone responses were found in the incremental area under the curve over the 480-min period.

CONCLUSIONS:

A supplement of four different whey protein fractions to a fat-rich meal had similar effects on postprandial triglyceride responses in type 2 diabetic subjects. Whey isolate and whey hydrolysate caused a higher insulin response.

• Authors: L S Mortensen, J Holmer-Jensen, M L Hartvigsen, V K Jensen, A Astrup, M de Vrese, J J Holst, C Thomsen, K Hermansen
• Journal: European journal of clinical nutrition (Eur J Clin Nutr) Vol. 66 Issue 7 Pg. 799-805 (Jul 2012) ISSN: 1476-5640 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 22588635 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Caseins
• Chylomicrons
• Dietary Fats
• Dietary Proteins
• Diterpenes
• Glycopeptides
• Hypolipidemic Agents
• Insulin
• Milk Proteins
• Protein Hydrolysates
• Retinyl Esters
• Triglycerides
• Whey Proteins
• kappa-casein glycomacropeptide
• Vitamin A
• retinol palmitate
• Lactalbumin

Topics

• Aged
• Area Under Curve
• Cardiovascular Diseases (blood, prevention & control)
• Caseins (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Chylomicrons
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (blood, drug therapy)
• Dietary Fats (adverse effects, blood)
• Dietary Proteins (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Dietary Supplements
• Diterpenes
• Female
• Glycopeptides (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Humans
• Hyperlipidemias (blood, etiology, prevention & control)
• Hypolipidemic Agents (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Insulin (blood)
• Lactalbumin (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Milk Proteins (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Postprandial Period
• Protein Hydrolysates (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Retinyl Esters
• Triglycerides (blood)
• Vitamin A (analogs & derivatives, blood)
• Whey Proteins