Case-matched comparison of perioperative outcomes after surgical treatment of sigmoid diverticulitis in solid organ transplant recipients versus immunocompetent patients.

Abstract

AIM:

To compare the perioperative outcomes following surgery for sigmoid diverticulitis in transplant recipients and immunocompetent patients.

METHOD:

Solid organ transplant recipients operated on for sigmoid diverticulitis from 1995 to 2010 were case-matched to immunocompetent patients based on surgical procedure, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, Hinchey score, elective vs urgent surgery, age ± 10 years and year of surgery ± 5 years. Demographics, clinical presentation and perioperative outcomes were assessed.

RESULTS:

Of 5329 consecutive patients undergoing heart, lung, kidney and liver transplantation since 1995, 51 (0.6%) underwent surgery for diverticulitis between 1995 and 2010 with 14% mortality and 45% morbidity. Urgent surgery in 37/51 patients [Hartmann's procedure 28, sigmoidectomy with diverting ileostomy 8, loop ileostomy 1 (9 cases within 2 months after transplantation)] was associated with significantly increased postoperative mortality (19%vs 0%, P = 0.01), increased morbidity (51%vs 24%, P = 0.03) and longer mean hospital stay (19 vs 13 days, P = 0.1) when compared with immunocompetent patients. Four patients undergoing urgent surgery had suffered previous episodes of diverticulitis treated nonoperatively. Elective surgery was associated with no mortality in 14 transplant recipients (nine sigmoidectomy with diverting ileostomy, five sigmoidectomy without diversion) or in immunocompetent controls. Following elective procedures, transplant recipients had similar morbidity and increased hospital stay (29% and 9.6 vs 6.5 days, P = 0.2, respectively). Permanent stoma rates and postoperative morbidity after stoma takedown were comparable in the two groups. All living patients except one (kidney) retained their graft function.

CONCLUSIONS:

Urgent surgery for sigmoid diverticulitis in transplant recipients is associated with worse postoperative outcomes when compared with immunocompetent patients, unlike elective surgery. Future studies will need to clarify the role of early surgery after the first diverticulitis episode.

• Authors: A Reshef, L Stocchi, R P Kiran, S Flechner, M Budev, C Quintini, F H Remzi
• Journal: Colorectal disease : the official journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland (Colorectal Dis) Vol. 14 Issue 12 Pg. 1546-52 (Dec 2012) ISSN: 1463-1318 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 22564266 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2012 The Authors. Colorectal Disease © 2012 The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland.

Topics

• Aged
• Chi-Square Distribution
• Colon, Sigmoid
• Colostomy
• Diverticulitis, Colonic (mortality, surgery)
• Elective Surgical Procedures
• Emergencies
• Female
• Humans
• Ileostomy
• Immunocompetence
• Immunocompromised Host
• Length of Stay
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Organ Transplantation
• Perioperative Period
• Postoperative Complications (mortality)
• Treatment Outcome