The
catechol-O-methyl
transferase (COMT) 158Val/Met variant has been suggested to play a role in COMT function. Epigenetic regulation of COMT may further influence the prevalence of
metabolic syndrome in these patient populations. This study examined the correlation between COMT promoter methylation and
metabolic syndrome in
schizophrenia patients receiving atypical
antipsychotic (
AAP)
therapy.
DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples of
schizophrenia subjects screened for
metabolic syndrome. Pyrosequencing was used to analyze two methylation sites of the soluble COMT (COMT-s) promoter region. Associations between
AAP use, lifestyle variables,
metabolic syndrome and COMT genotype with peak methylation values were analyzed. Data are reported in 85 subjects. Methylation on CpG site 1 had a mean of 79.08% (±4.71) and it was 12.43% (±1.19) on site 2. COMT genotype proved to be an
indicator of COMT methylation status on site 1 (F(2, 84)=5.78, P=0.0044) and site 2 (F(2, 84),=3.79, P=0.027). A significant negative correlation between physical activity and COMT promoter region methylation was found in
Val/Val homozygous patients (site 1: P=0.013 and site 2: P=0.019). Those homozygous for
Met/Met showed a positive correlation between promoter site methylation and physical activity (site 1: P=0.027, site 2: P=0.005), and between CpG site methylation and
metabolic syndrome (site 1: P=0.002; site 2: P=0.001). The results of this study suggest that COMT promoter region methylation is largely influenced by COMT genotype and that physical activity plays a significant role in epigenetic modulation of COMT.