Decreased GABA receptor in the cerebral cortex of epileptic rats: effect of Bacopa monnieri and Bacoside-A.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Gamma amino butyric acid (GABA), the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the cerebral cortex, maintains the inhibitory tones that counter balances neuronal excitation. When this balance is perturbed, seizures may ensue.

METHODS:

In the present study, alterations of the general GABA, GABAA and GABAB receptors in the cerebral cortex of the epileptic rat and the therapeutic application of Bacopa monnieri were investigated.

RESULTS:

Scatchard analysis of [3H]GABA, [3H]bicuculline and [3H]baclofen in the cerebral cortex of the epileptic rat showed significant decrease in Bmax (P < 0.001) compared to control. Real Time PCR amplification of GABA receptor subunits such as GABAAά1, GABAAγ, GABAAδ, GABAB and GAD where down regulated (P < 0.001) in epileptic rats. GABAAά5 subunit and Cyclic AMP responsible element binding protein were up regulated. Confocal imaging study confirmed the decreased GABA receptors in epileptic rats. Epileptic rats have deficit in radial arm and Y maze performance.

CONCLUSIONS:

Bacopa monnieri and Bacoside-A treatment reverses epilepsy associated changes to near control suggesting that decreased GABA receptors in the cerebral cortex have an important role in epileptic occurrence; Bacopa monnieri and Bacoside-A have therapeutic application in epilepsy management.

• Authors: Jobin Mathew, Savitha Balakrishnan, Sherin Antony, Pretty Mary Abraham, C S Paulose
• Journal: Journal of biomedical science (J Biomed Sci) Vol. 19 Pg. 25 (Feb 24 2012) ISSN: 1423-0127 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 22364254 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Plant Extracts
• Receptors, GABA-A
• Receptors, GABA-B
• Saponins
• Triterpenes
• bacoside A
• Pilocarpine
• gamma-Aminobutyric Acid

Topics

• Animals
• Bacopa (chemistry)
• Cerebral Cortex (metabolism)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Epilepsy (chemically induced, drug therapy)
• Gene Expression Regulation (drug effects)
• Humans
• Maze Learning (drug effects)
• Pilocarpine (administration & dosage)
• Plant Extracts (chemistry, pharmacology)
• Rats
• Rats, Wistar
• Receptors, GABA-A (metabolism)
• Receptors, GABA-B (metabolism)
• Saponins (pharmacology)
• Triterpenes (pharmacology)
• gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (genetics, metabolism)